日本研究生教育改革的“通识化转向”  

A Shift towards General Education in Japan's Reform of Graduate Education

作　　者：郭素英[1] 李祖祥[2] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学外国语学院,江苏南通226019 [2]南通大学教育科学学院,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《研究生教育研究》2013年第6期91-95,共5页Journal of Graduate Education

摘　　要：日本传统的研究生教育以"培养科研人才"为核心目标,特别是在博士课程阶段,主要采用以导师指导为中心的"研究室"教育模式。随着时代的发展,传统研究生培养模式愈来愈不能适应社会对多样化人才的需求。为提高研究生教育质量,化解就业矛盾,自2005年始,日本文部省展开了新一轮研究生教育改革的讨论,反对狭窄孤立的专业教育,强调广泛视野及各种通用能力的培养,关注体系化的研究生教育课程的构筑等成为本轮改革的新亮点。在文部省政策的指引下,一些大学尝试在研究生院开设通识教育课程。日本研究生教育由此开始了"通识化"的转向。Traditional graduate education in Japan aimed at training academic talents, particularly in doctoral education where a supervisor-centered research process was the norm. With the social development, this traditional graduate education model could no longer meet the demands for diversified talents in the new era. In order to raise training quality and improve the employment situation, an education reform has been carried out across Japan since 2005. Opposed to narrowly-defined specialized training, it emphasized wider-ranging general education with systematically revised graduate curricula. This reform under the guidance of the government policy marked the beginning of a shift towards general education in Japanese graduate training.

关 键 词：日本 研究生教育 通识化转向 

分 类 号：G649.1[文化科学—高等教育学]