柿子皮中有效成分连续提取工艺研究  

Study of continuous extraction process for the active components of the peel from persimmon

作　　者：王继芝[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学理学院,河北石家庄050018

出　　处：《河北工业科技》2013年第6期433-436,共4页Hebei Journal of Industrial Science and Technology

摘　　要：在定性分析与定量分析的基础上,提出对柿子皮中主要有效成分类胡萝卜素、果胶以及单宁三组分进行连续提取的工艺技术路线。根据它们在性质上的差异,研究确定适当的浸提剂、最佳的浸提条件,并借助先进的纯化技术使三组分得以分离。采用极性溶剂将油脂性的类胡萝卜素与水溶性的果胶、单宁分离,所得色素经提纯、烘干为粉末状固体,100g柿子皮中有效成分的产率达到62.45mg。果胶相对分子质量为50 000~300 000,而单宁的相对分子质量仅为500~3 000,利用两者之间的差异,采用切割分子质量方法,用10 000~30 000的超滤膜截留果胶,使果胶与单宁得以分离并使果胶浓缩,浓缩的果胶以膏状形态存在,产率为23.72%。滤液经提纯为小分子的单宁。Based on qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis,according to the differences in nature among the pectin,tannin and carotenoid,the reasonable exacting agent and the optimum leaching conditions are provided.The three components are separated with the help of advanced purification technology.At first,the water-soluble pectin,tannin and greasy carotenoids are separated by the polar solvent.After the purification,the gotten pigment is baked into the powdered solid,which has a productivity of 62.45mg/100g.The relative molecular weight of pectin is 50 000~300 000,while the tannin has only 500~3 000.According to the different molecular sizes,the pectin and tannin are separated and the pectin is concentrated by using cutting molecular mass method with ultrafiltration membrane which has the molecular weight of 10 000to 30 000.The concentrated pigment is in paste form and has a productivity of 23.72%.Small molecular tannin in the filtrate is obtained after purification with extraction efficiency of 9.86%.

关 键 词：柿子 类胡萝卜素 色素 果胶 单宁 

分 类 号：TQ914.1[化学工程]