中小学生积极心理品质的调查分析与教育对策  

An Investigation into Primary and Secondary School Students' Positive Psychology and Relevant Educational Strategies

作　　者：卫萍[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]合肥学院教育系,合肥230061 [2]中国教育科学研究院心理与特殊教育研究中心,北京100088

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2013年第12期90-96,共7页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：孟万金教授主持的中国教科院2013年度公益基金课题"中国学生心理健康报告(2013)"(课题批准号:GY201316)的子课题研究成果

摘　　要：培养中小学生积极心理品质是《中小学心理健康教育指导纲要》的规定,也是积极心理健康教育的核心内容。为了解当前中小学生积极心理品质发展状况,本研究使用《中国中小学生积极心理品质量表》调查了中部地区合肥市1422名中小学生,发现:(1)总体而言,中小学生积极心理品质的认知、意志、情感、乐群、律己、超越六大维度发展状况良好;(2)在15项积极心理品质中,中小学生发展最好的三项品质为心灵触动、宽容和信念与希望,发展最差的三项品质为领导力、创造力和思维与洞察力;(3)城市中小学生积极心理品质的六大维度得分显著高于农村中小学生;(4)除意志维度外,示范校的中小学生在认知、情感、乐群、律己和超越维度上得分显著高于非示范校的中小学生;(5)男生在认知维度上得分显著高于女生,女生在情感维度上得分高于男生;(6)除认知维度、超越维度外,意志、情感、乐群、律己维度上,中小学生得分的总趋势是随年级的升高而下降。最后,提出了培养中小学生积极心理品质的有关建议。The cultivation of primary and secondary school students＇ positive psychology, stipulated in Guidelines for Mental Health Education in Primary and Secondary Schools, is the core of positive mental health education. This study aims to explore the current developments of primary and secondary school students＇ positive psychology, by using the Chinese Primary and Secondary School Students＇ Positive Psychology Scale to survey 1422 students in Hefei, a city of Central China. The results show the following： （1） generally, the students sur- veyed show a high level of development in such indicators as cognition, willpower, affect, gregariousness, self- discipline, and transcendence; （2） they show the highest level of positive psychology in soul-touching, toler- ance, and faith/hope, but the lowest level of positive psychology in leadership, creativity, and thinking/insight; （3） the urban students score higher than the rural students in 6 indicators; （4） the exemplary school students score higher than the non-exemplary school students in cognition, affect, gregariousness, self-diseipline, and transcendence; （5） the boy students score higher in cognition, whereas the girl students score higher in affect; and （6） the students surveyed show a significant grade difference in 6 indicators. On the whole, the students in higher grades show a lower level of willpower, affect, gregariousness, and self-discipline. In conclusion, the au- thor raises proposals on the cultivation of primary and secondary school students＇ positive psychology.

关 键 词：中小学生 积极心理品质 发展特点 教育对策 

分 类 号：G844.2[文化科学—体育训练]