重载机车钩缓装置适应性研究  

Study on the Adaptability of Heavy Load Locomotive＇s Coupler and Draft Gear

作　　者：金希红[1] 杨相健[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国南车集团株洲电力机车有限公司技术中心,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《铁道机车车辆》2013年第A02期4-10,共7页Railway Locomotive & Car

摘　　要：重载机车钩缓装置工作环境复杂，不同钩缓装置对不同列车环境的适应性成为钩缓装置选型时必须进行的一项工作。在分析车钩力对轮轨力影响原理的基础上，建立具有非线性迟滞特性的缓冲器及考虑详细结构的车钩模型。分别从车钩自由摆角、车钩稳钩结构、缓冲器特性及机车悬挂参数等方面对不同类型钩缓装置对重载机车的适应性进行研究。为新一代大轴重机车钩缓装置选型作参考。研究表明：采用13A／QKX—100类似的扁销钩缓装置能实现较优的动力学及安全性能，降低钩缓装置对机车、车辆及列车造成的不良影响。Since the working conditions of heavy load locomotive＇s coupler and draft gear are much more complex than those of traditional locomotives, the adaptability between different kinds of coupler and draft gear and different train running status must be taken into account when the coupler and draft gear selection. Based on analyzing the coupler force impacting on the wheel-track force, this paper set up the draft gear model with non--line sluggish character and the coupler model with detailed structure, and studied the adaptability of different kinds of coupler and draft gear through the following aspects： the free swing angle of coupler; stabilizing structure of coupler, character of draft gear, suspension character of locomotive. Thus, we give our suggestion on choosing coupler and draft gear of the next generation heavy load locomotive. This study shows that： the use of a similar flat off the hook 13A/QKX-100 relief device can achieve optimum dynamics and safety performance and reduce the adverse effects on the hook relief device locomotives, vehicles and trains caused.

关 键 词：车钩 缓冲器 适应性 重载机车 

分 类 号：U260.34[机械工程—车辆工程]