实用主义与中国文化精神  

Pragmatism and the Ethos of Chinese Culture

作　　者：赵敦华[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学哲学系

出　　处：《哲学研究》2014年第1期62-69,127,共8页Philosophical Research

摘　　要：法国历史学家托克维尔在1850年写道：“在文明世界里没有一个国家像美国那样不注重哲学。美国人没有自己的哲学派别，对欧洲的相互对立的一切学派也漠不关心，甚至连它们的名称都几乎一无所知”。他同时看到，“美国人虽然从未下过功夫界说他们的准则，但他们有一个大家共通的哲学方法”。For the problem whether and how pragmatism was inherent in the Chinese culture,academics in China gave different even opposite answers and evaluations.This essay points out that they are based on misunderstandings of pragmatism as defined by its founders,and that the problem cannot be solved either by the method of re-construction as Roger Ames did,or within Quinn's thesis of holophrastic indeterminacy.The essay relies on John Dewey's observation and comment on the tri-relations of Western,Japanese and Chinese cultures to show why and how he criticized any kind of aggressive practices,and appreciated Chinese Daoism and Confucianism even though these two were not engaged in active reforms of nature and society.

关 键 词：中国文化精神 实用主义 哲学派别 美国人 托克维尔 历史学家 哲学方法 所知 

分 类 号：B261[哲学宗教—中国哲学]