社会达尔文主义还是民族达尔文主义?——严译《天演论》与赫胥黎及斯宾塞进化论的关系  

Are Social Darwinism or National Darwinism?

作　　者：杨深[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院哲学所

出　　处：《哲学研究》2014年第1期70-75,127-128,共6页Philosophical Research

摘　　要：一、严译《天演论》及问题的缘起 据说严复在英国留学期间曾经亲耳聆听过赫胥黎的演讲，不过，当赫胥黎于1893年5月18日在牛津大学谢尔德兰剧院作“进化论与伦理学”的演讲时，严复已经回国多年了。然而，严复一直关注着赫胥黎等西方学者的思想动态，因而能够及时将这一重要演讲译介到中国。This paper makes a detailed analysis of Yan Fu's selections and assessments of Thomas Henry Huxley's and Herbert Spencer's evolutionist and ethical theories in the Chinese version of Evolution and Ethics and the comments translated and written by Yan Fu.It also makes serious comparisons and distinctions among the evolutionist theories of Huxley,Spencer and Yan Fu,and then criticizes the simplified conclusions about the nature of their theories made by some scholars.In the end,in terms of the dualistic distinction between domestic and international relationships,this paper comes to a conclusion about the theoretical standpoints and value orientations of the three evolutionists,that is,Spencer was a non-thoroughgoing social Darwinist,Huxley was at most a national Darwinist,and Yan Fu was a much more radical national Darwinist.

关 键 词：社会达尔文主义 《天演论》 赫胥黎 进化论 斯宾塞 民族 留学期间 牛津大学 

分 类 号：B256[哲学宗教—中国哲学]