纳米竹炭在无机盐与表面活性剂体系中的沉降特征  

Sedimentation of Nanobamboo Charcoal in the System of Inorganic Salt Ions and Surfactant

作　　者：吴仁人[1] 蔡美芳[1] 陶雪琴[2] 邹梦遥[2] 卢桂宁[3] 周伟坚[1] 余远航 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部华南环境科学研究所广东省水与大气污染防治重点实验室,广东广州510655 [2]仲恺农业工程学院环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510225 [3]华南理工大学环境与能源学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2013年第12期1-5,9,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41101299);广东省水与大气污染防治重点实验室开放基金;广州市珠江科技新星项目

摘　　要：以新型碳基纳米材料一纳米竹炭为研究对象，考察其在蒸馏水、无机盐、表面活性剂等体系中的沉降特征。试验发现，蒸馏水体系中纳米竹炭静置68d后沉降率约为90％，而无机盐体系中不同浓度（2—50mg／L）的纳米竹炭10d内则大部分基本沉降完全，说明离子强度对其沉降性能影响较大。纳米竹炭沉降于试管底部，在蒸馏水体系中堆积紧密，在无机盐体系中堆积则相对蓬松。表面活性剂（十六烷基三甲基溴化铵，HTAB）的添加能降低纳米竹炭的沉降速率，且随着HTAB浓度增大沉降率越小。但表面活性剂浓度超过其临界胶束浓度后，对纳米竹炭的分散性能的增强不明显。The dispersion and deposition of nanobamboo charcoal in the system of distilled water, mineral salt water and surfactant was investigated. Results showed that sedimentation of nanobamboo charcoal was promoted with ion strength amendment, as almost all of nanobamboo charcoal deposited after 10 days in mineral salt water compared with 90% after 68 days in distilled water. After a period of sedimentation, aggregation layer of nanobamboo charcoal in distilled water system was denser than in mineral salt water system. Sedimentation was gradually decreased with increasing of surfactant hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide （HTAB） amendment. However, dispersion enhancement ability of surfactant was inconspicuous after its percentage over the critical micelle concentration.

关 键 词：纳米竹炭 沉降 离子强度 表面活性剂 

分 类 号：X13[环境科学与工程—环境科学]