20世纪美国农村学校布局调整策略及对我国的启示  

Layout Adjustment Strategies of Rural Schools in the United States of the 20th Century and its Inspiration for China

作　　者：樊涛[1] 曲铁华[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《国家教育行政学院学报》2014年第1期89-94,共6页Journal of National Academy of Education Administration

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地2009年度重大研究项目(2009JJD880007)

摘　　要：20世纪,美国采取学校合并和建立学校交通制度等一系列配套措施对农村学校布局进行了持续的调整。其渐进的政策推行以及各项政策间的相互补充、配合,是实现农村教育资源有效整合的关键。我国农村学校布局调整政策在实施过程中存在盲目撤点并校、过度关注寄宿制学校而忽视公共校车制度建设、配套设施偏离"就近入学"原则等问题。合理借鉴美国农村学校布局调整的策略和经验,有效利用小规模学校,以寄宿制学校与校车"两条腿走路",是现阶段实现我国农村教育资源整合的合理逻辑。In the 20th century, the United States kept rural schools layout adjustment ongoing with school consolidation, the establishment of the school transport system and a series of supporting measures. The gradual implementation, complement each other, and cooperation bet, seen policies, are keys to the effective integration of educational resources in rural areas. In the implementation process of China＇s layout adjustment policies of rural schools existed problems： closing and merging blindly, paying too much attention to boarding schools and neglecting of the public school bus, deviating from the ＂nearest school＂ principles. To Learn from the strategy and experience in the US and effective to use of small schools, to make boarding schools and school bus as ＂two legs for working＂, are reasonable logic to achieve China＇s rural education resources integration.

关 键 词：农村学校 布局调整 撤点并校 寄宿制学校 校车 

分 类 号：G649[文化科学—高等教育学]