技艺与言志:中国诗歌的用事准则论及其禅学内涵  

Chinese Ancient Poetic rules On Quotation Influenced by Zen Idea

作　　者：马强才[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学人文学院,浙江杭州310036

出　　处：《暨南学报（哲学社会科学版）》2013年第12期115-122,159,共8页Jinan Journal(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

摘　　要：用事为中国古代诗歌最为常见的重要修辞手法之一。古代诗学家总结出诗歌用事准则,除了要求"切合"之外,还要做到"不为事使"、"用事不俗"和"如盐著水"。"不为事使",强调诗人对故事的驾驭驱遣,以突出作者创作的主体性;"用事不俗",强调创新,避免陈陈相因,克服俗套用事衍变为单纯的代用而缺乏艺术深蕴;"如盐著水",强调用事与诗歌本质和谐一致,规避花哨的艺术技巧对读者的干扰,从而实现诗歌言志抒情的艺术功能。上述准则俱强调诗人主体性,指向诗歌的言志功能。细绎三者的理路及言说,皆具禅学内涵,体现了禅宗对中国古代诗学的渗透影响。Yongshi( 用事,quatation) is an impor- tant skill of ancient Chinese poetries. Except for there must be some similarities between what the poetry been described and the allusions been quo- ted,there are three very important appraisal stand- ards of ancient poetics theorists on Yongshi( 用事, quatation). First,the poets should integrate Yong- shi skill and poetic contents. Second,the poets should use allusions in a more flexible way,not just arranging them purposely. Third,poets should avoid using familiar or vulgar allusions. The Bud- dhism is the headstream of these rules,for example the first rule just is a phrase of Buddhism sutra. It shows that the Chinese ancent poetic has been in- fuluenced by Buddhism.

关 键 词：中国古代诗歌 诗学 用事 准则论 禅学 

分 类 号：I01[文学—文学理论]