个体生存、道德保全和道统传承——明清之际遗民文人的人生困境和文化选择  

Individual Survival, Moral Preservation and Transmission of Confucian Orthodoxy

作　　者：李明军[1] 

机构地区：[1]临沂大学文学院,山东临沂276005

出　　处：《临沂大学学报》2014年第1期111-117,共7页Journal of Linyi University

摘　　要：明朝灭亡后,由于生存困境和思想矛盾,遗民文人的出入选择变得更为艰难。个体生存和道义坚守的矛盾表现为文化选择的困惑,比较典型的是屈大均的逃禅和归儒,归庄、傅山、吴嘉纪等人在生存困境中对不朽信念的坚执。以传统儒家精神为内核的道统成为文人精神世界的支撑。顾炎武希望以名教挽救世风,黄宗羲以私欲对抗腐败衰朽的君主制,恢复道统至高无上的地位。王夫之将道统置于治统之上。清初儒家风雅诗学的复兴就发生在这样的背景上。After the Ming Dynasty perished, the Han literati were faced with more difficult choice because of thought contradictions and survival predicament. The contradiction between individual survival and moral personality manifested as confusion of cultural selection. The typical were Qu Dajun, Gui Zhuang, Fu Shan and Wu Jiaji. Qu Dajun converted to Buddhism and then returned to Confucianism. Gui Zhuang, FuShan as well as Wu Jiaji were fully confident of immortality faith in survival predicament. The Confucian orthodoxy based on the traditional Confucian spirit became the support of the literati＇s spiritual world. Gu Yanwu hoped to save the general mood of society with the Confucian ethical code. Huang Zongxi fought against the decrepit monarchy with selfish desire, and recovered the supreme position of the Confucian orthodoxy. Wang Fuzhi placed the Confucian orthodoxy above the ruling system. The revival of Confucian poetics occurred in such a background early in the Qing Dynasty.

关 键 词：个体生存 道德人格 道统 文化选择 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学]