主链型阳离子表面活性剂聚季铵盐的制备  

Synthesis of A Cationic Surfactant of Primary-chain Quaternary Ammonium Polymers

作　　者：干建群[1] 张敏[1] 靳鹤 区菊花[1,2] 杨永[1,2] 刘化珍 曾钦繁 张儒 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州化学研究所,广东广州510650 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]茂名市生产力促进中心,广东茂名525027

出　　处：《广州化学》2013年第4期1-6,共6页Guangzhou Chemistry

基　　金：广东省中科院战略合作项目(2011B090300003);广东省农业攻关项目(2012B020308006);石化技术转化服务平台建设项目(2012A01012)

摘　　要：以N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺、尿素及1,4-二氯丁烷为原料,通过共缩聚反应两步法制备了一种新的主链型的水溶性聚季铵盐。采用正交试验获得了制备聚季铵盐的最佳条件:N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺与尿素的物质的量比为2∶1,反应温度为135℃,反应时间为11 h,得到中间体双[3-(N,N-二甲基丙胺基)]丙脲,产率高达99%;中间体与1,4-二氯丁烷的物质的量比为1∶1,于90℃下反应6 h。采用红外光谱和核磁氢谱对产物结构进行表征,测定了其热稳定性和特性粘数。Through two-step copolymerization using N, N-Dimethyl-l,3-propanediamine, urea, 1,4-dichlorobutane as raw materials, a new primary-chain water-soluble quaternary ammonium polymers was synthesized. The relationship between dosage of raw materials, reaction temperature, reaction time and rate of conversion was studies by orthogonal experiments. The optimum conditions were ascertained as follow： the molar ratio of N, N-dimethyl-l,3-propanediamine to urea is 2 ： 1; the reaction temperature is 135~C; time is 11 h, the conversion of the intermediate was as high as 99%; and then the molar ratio of the intermediate to 1,4-dichlorobutane is 1 ： l; the reaction temperature is 90℃; time is 6 h. The title polymers were characterized by FTIR, HNMR, thermoanalyses and intrinsic viscosity.

关 键 词：主链型聚季铵盐 共缩聚两步法 正交试验 

分 类 号：TQ423.12[化学工程] TQ316.4