食用菌黑色素代谢的研究进展  

Advances in research on the melanin metabolism of edible fungi

作　　者：潘越[1,2] 冯志勇[1] 陈辉[1] 陈明杰[1] 汪虹[1] 张津京[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国家食用菌工程技术研究中心农业部南方食用菌资源利用重点开放实验室上海市农业遗传育种重点开发实验室上海市农业科学院食用菌研究所,上海201403 [2]南京农业大学生命科学学院,南京210095

出　　处：《生物学杂志》2014年第1期68-70,74,共4页Journal of Biology

基　　金：上海科委重点科技攻关项目(11391901003)

摘　　要：黑色素的代谢对食用菌的生长发育具有至关重要的影响,黑色素的代谢异常导致了食用菌白色新品种的出现。对食用菌黑色素代谢的影响因子进行了综述,对黑色素代谢异常与食用菌白化菌株形成的关系进行了阐述,并介绍了食用菌黑色素的形成途径,对黑色素合成过程中的关键酶类及其抑制剂的研究进行了简要概括,主要包括酪氨酸酶、漆酶和聚酮合成酶的研究。并展望了食用菌黑色素代谢今后主要的研究方向,旨在为白色食用菌的进一步开发和利用提供参考。Tile metabolism of melanin has a crucial impact on the growth and development of edible fungi. The metabolic abnormalities of melanin led to the emergence of white varieties. Impact factors for the melanin metabolism of edible fungi were reviewed and path- ways of melanin synthesis were introduced in this paper. The relationship between melanin metabolism and the conformation of albino strains was elaborated. The recent advances in research on key enzymes and their inhibitors, especially on tyrosinase, laccase and polyketide synthases were summarized. Prospects related to the future development and exploitation of these fungi were discussed.

关 键 词：食用菌 黑色素代谢 白化菌株 酶 

分 类 号：S646[农业科学—蔬菜学] Q55[农业科学—园艺学]