元音范畴知觉中特征分析和整合的时间进程  

The Time Course of Feature Analysis and Integration in Vowel Category Perception

作　　者：刘文理[1] 周详[1] 乐国安[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院社会心理学系,天津300071

出　　处：《心理科学》2014年第1期21-26,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31200848)的资助

摘　　要：采用启动范式,在三个实验中通过操纵启动音和目标音的频谱相似度和时间间隔,考察了汉语听者元音范畴知觉中特征分析和整合的时间进程。结果发现随着启动音(从纯音、复合音到目标元音本身)和目标元音频谱相似度的增加,启动效应延续的时间越来越长。实验结果支持语音范畴知觉存在早期的声学特征分析和整合到后期的范畴知觉阶段,并为这些加工阶段的时间进程提供了初步的证据。Speech perception concerns the process of perceiving phonological units from running and variable acoustic signals. It has been indicated that the perception of phonetic categories experiences several different levels of analysis, including the level of processing simple acoustic feature, the level of integrating complex acoustic patterns, and the level of phonetic category perception. While few ex periments examine the time courses of these process stages, which are the critical evidence for the existence of these analysis levels. The present study investigated the time course of feature analysis and integration in the perception of Chinese vowel category. Applying a priming paradigm, three experiments were administered, and the spectral similarity and the ISI （ Inter stimulus interval） between the priming sounds and the target sounds were varied. In Experiment 1, the priming sounds were two sine wave tones, with frequency equal to the frequency of the second formant （F2） of the target vowel/a/ and/i/, respectively. Four ISis were selected： 50ms, lOOms, 200ms, and 300ms. Participants were asked to identify vowels as quickly as they could by pressing buttons. The results found that the priming effect was significant only for the 50ms ISI condition ： the identification of vowels in the matching conditions （ the frequency of priming tone was equal to the F2 fre quency of vowel） was faster than that in the non matching conditions （ the frequencies of the tone and the F2 of vowel were different）. In Experiment 2, the priming sounds were two tone complexes, which were composed of two tones at the frequencies of the first two for mants of the vowel/i/and/a/respectively. The ISis and the experimental procedures were similar to those in Experiment 1. The re suits showed that the priming effect was significant for both 50ms and lOOms ISI conditions ： the identification of vowels was faster when the frequencies of the priming sounds and the vowels were matched. In Experiment 3, the priming sounds

关 键 词：元音范畴 知觉纯音复合音时间进程 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]