基于序列二次规划算法的油藏动态配产配注优化  

Proration optimization of production and injection rate based on sequential quadratic programming

作　　者：张凯[1] 路然然 张黎明[1] 张龙[2] 姚军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266580 [2]中国石油塔里木油田分公司天然气事业部,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《油气地质与采收率》2014年第1期45-50,113-114,共6页Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency

基　　金：国家重大专项"海上大井距多层合采稠油油藏开发生产实时优化技术研究"(2011ZX05024-002-008);国家自然科学基金"油藏生产动态实时优化方法研究"(61004095);高等学校博士学科点专项基金"油田水驱体系最优调控理论方法研究"(20100133120003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助"自适应井网优化理论与方法研究"(13CX02053A);长江学者和创新团队"复杂油藏开发和提高采收率的理论与技术"(IRT1294)

摘　　要：油藏动态配产配注已经成为实现油田效益最大化的有效措施之一。为提高优化运算速度,处理非线性不等式约束,将序列二次规划算法应用到油藏动态配产配注求解过程中。应用序列二次规划算法将求解变量最优值的非线性优化问题转化为一系列的求解变量搜索方向的二次规划子问题,控制变量的搜索方向采用伴随方法和Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno(BFGS)方法得到,迭代求取控制变量最优值。实例验证结果表明,总注入量等式约束条件下的最优开发方案,累积产油量增加12.8%,累积注水量下降11.1%,累积产水量下降22.3%,含水率下降4.16%;总注入量不等式约束下的最优开发方案,累积产油量增加29.1%,累积注水量下降26.9%,累积产水量下降30.3%,含水率下降4.16%。但是,在不等式约束情况下,由于注采失衡,油藏压力大幅下降,易造成后期开发能量不足;需对总注入量及采出量进行等式约束或在不等式约束的基础上添加约束下限。运用该方法对胜利油区埕岛油田27A区块进行方案调整优化,结果表明,优化后的采出程度相对于优化前提高0.92%,净现值增长35%。Optimizing the oilfield working system has become one of the most effective ways to maximize the oilfield profits. In order toimprove the efficiency of the production optimization and handle the nonlinear inequality constraints, this paper applied sequential qua-dratic programming algorithm to this study area. The sequential quadratic programming algorithm will transform the nonlinear optimiza-tion problem that seeks the optimal value of the variable into a series of quadratic programming sub-problems that locates the search-ing directions of the variables. The gradients of the augmented Lagrange function, used in the construction of the QP sub-problemswith respect to the variables, are calculated by the adjoint method while the Hessen matrix is updated using BFGS method. By solvingthe QP sub-problems, the searching directions of the control variables are then obtained which can be used to adjust the initial vari-ables and finally to locate the optimal values of control variables. The new method has not only super linear convergence speed, but al-so combines the advantages of adjoint method which can efficiently calculate the gradients even in the case of a large number of param-eters. In this paper, a two-dimensional three-phase reservoir model is tested to verify the validity of the method. The displacement re-sults of optimized development plans under total injection and production rate equality constraints and inequality constraints show that,the field cumulative water injection amount of the former is less than that of the latter by 18 percent, and the field cumulative oil pro-duction amount of the former is higher than the latter by 14%. However, the pressure in the former has fallen dramatically which wouldeasily lead to energy shortage in the late development stage. In order to get reasonable development performance, we should do produc-tion optimization under total injection and production equality constraints or add lower limit constraints to the inequality constraints.The theory is also applied to a re

关 键 词：序列二次规划 配产配注 动态开发 等式约束 不等式约束 

分 类 号：TE34[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]