某学院新生意外伤害自救互救综合能力现状调查  

Investigation on undergraduates' comprehensive capabilities of self-help and mutual aid during accidents

作　　者：牛新[1] 何泽民[1] 吕放光[1] 宋传颖[1] 杨迎宾[1] 林亚萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]邵阳学院,湖南邵阳422000

出　　处：《中国校医》2014年第2期81-83,共3页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

基　　金：湖南省高等学校科学研究项目(11C1127)

摘　　要：目的了解邵阳学院大学生意外伤害自救互救综合能力现状，为进一步制订有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法，对邵阳学院1192名大学生进行匿名式问卷调查及模拟测试。结果被调查者伤害发生率为14．2％，发生伤害后有12．6％的伤者进行过自救，有3．3％的被调查者曾对他人实施过救助。SCL-90量袁心理健康状况测评显示，发生意外伤害的学生除敌对因子外其他因子的得分均高于未发生伤害的学生（P〈0．01），急救知识除电击和煤气中毒的正确率较高（分别为78．6％、69．2％）外，跌伤、碰伤、切割伤、灼烫伤、溺水、动物叮咬伤及交通伤的正确率均较低（4．2％～31．4％）。模拟测试显示，大学生对意外伤害基本急救技能操作正确率在8．7％～43．5％。结论邵阳学院大学生意外伤害自救互救意识薄弱、急救知识偏低、急救技能欠缺，发生意外伤害者的心理素质相对欠佳，急需进行规范而系统的培训，以提高其应对意外伤害的综合能力。Objective To understand the status of undergraduates＇ comprehensive capacities of self-help and mutual aid during accidents in the Shaoyang University, so as to provide the evidence for the further development of effective interventions. Methods By using the random cluster sampling method, anonymous questionnaires combined with simulation tests were conducted among 1 192 undergraduates in the Shaoyang University. Results The incidence of injury among respondents was 14.2%, and 12.6% of them did self-help and 3.3% of the respondents helped others. The ＂SCL-90＂ scale mental health evaluation showed that those who had been injured got higher scores in all the factors （except the hostile factor） than those who had not been injured （P 〈 0. 01）. In addition to higher accuracy rates of the first aid knowledge on electric shock and gas poisoning （78. 6 % and 69.2 % respectively）, the accuracy rates of accidents caused by fall or hit, concis, scald, drowning, animal bites and traffic accidents were at a lower level （4.2%-31. 4%） among the interviewees. The simulation tests showed that the accuracy rates of undergraduates＇ operation in first aid were between 8. 7% and 43.5%. Conclusions The undergraduates in the Shaoyang University have a weak awareness of self-help and mutual aid during accidents. They have poor knowledge and skill of first aid and relatively poor psychological quality while being injured. It is important to offer a standardized and systematic training to improve their comprehensive capacities to cope with accidents.

关 键 词：年轻人 学生 事故 自我护理 方法 助人行为 急救 健康知识 态度 实践 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学]