减少风力机转矩波动的异步变桨控制  

Individual Pitch Control for Reducing Wind Turbine Torque Fluctuation

作　　者：窦真兰[1,2] 施刚[2] 曹云峰[2] 凌志斌[2] 蔡旭[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]国家电网上海市电力公司电力科学研究院,上海200437 [2]上海交通大学电力传输与功率变换控制教育部重点实验室风力发电研究中心,上海200240 [3]上海交通大学船舶海洋与建筑工程学院海洋工程国家重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《电工技术学报》2014年第1期236-245,共10页Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50907040);上海市科学基金(11dz1200204)资助项目

摘　　要：为了减少大型风力机的风轮转矩波动,本文根据风剪切、塔影和湍流对风轮转矩的影响规律提出了一种新型的异步变桨控制策略,即独立地对每个桨叶的桨距角进行控制,从而改变了桨叶上气动力产生的摆振力矩,减少了风轮转矩的波动和桨叶上的不平衡载荷;同时采用单神经元自适应PID控制策略设计异步变桨控制器。仿真结果不仅验证了基于单神经元自适应PID的异步变桨控制策略的正确性和有效性,而且证明采用该异步变桨控制系统不但减少了风轮转矩被动,还减少了桨叶上挥舞力矩的波动、偏航力矩波动和俯仰力矩波动,有效降低了风力发电机组各部件的疲劳载荷,对今后实际风场中异步变桨控制系统的实现具有一定的指导意义。In order to smooth the wind turbine torque fluctuation, a new individual pitch control strategy is proposed according to the influence rules of the wind turbine torque fluctuation, that is adjusting the blade pitch angle individually can control the blade edgewise moment generated by aerodynamic force and reduce the wind turbine torque fluctuation. Meanwhile the individual pitch controller based on single neuron adaptive PID is designed in details. Finally, the simulation results not only show the correctness and validity of this individual control strategy with single neuron adaptive PID controller, but also illustrate the individual pitch controller capacity of smoothing the wind turbine torque fluctuation, reducing the fluctuation of the flapwise moment, the yaw moment and the tilt moment, and greatly improving the power output and the dynamic stability of the wind turbine. The research provides some certain significance for the realization of individual pitch control system in actual wind farm.

关 键 词：风轮转矩波动 气动力 摆振力矩 异步变桨控制 单神经元自适应PID 

分 类 号：TM614[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]