5种饵料动物的营养成分分析及评价  

Nutritive composition and evaluation of five food animals

作　　者：彭瑞冰[1] 蒋霞敏[1] 乐可鑫 高秀芝[1] 罗江[1] 唐锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《水产学报》2014年第2期257-264,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家农业成果转化项目(2009GB2C220415);宁波市科技重点项目(2011C11002);浙江省海洋与渔业项目(浙海渔计2013[82]号)

摘　　要：对5种饵料动物（卤虫无节幼体、强化后的卤虫幼体、中华哲水蚤、短额刺糠虾、强壮藻钩虾）的营养成分进行了分析，旨在对其营养价值进行评价。采用生化分析手段对5种动物饵料的水分、灰分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪和氨基酸、脂肪酸进行分析。结果显示：5种动物饵料水分含量为87．83％～92．89％，灰分含量为1．69％～4．12％，粗脂肪含量为0．55％～1．36％，其中卤虫无节幼体含量最高（1．36％湿重）；粗蛋白质为4．25％～8．74％，含量以短额刺糠虾最高（8．74％湿重）。均含有20种氨基酸，结构较为合理，必需氨基酸含量丰富，综合氨基酸含量及评价来看，5种饵料动物中营养价值最高是短额刺糠虾，然后依次是卤虫无节幼体、强化后的卤虫幼体、中华哲水蚤、强壮藻钩虾。检测到23种脂肪酸，多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）占脂肪酸总量的23．21％～41．03％，中华哲水蚤〉短额刺糠虾〉强壮藻钩虾〉卤虫无节幼体〉强化后的卤虫幼体（P〈0．05）；其中EPA和DHA，除卤虫无节幼体含量较少（3．96％、0．22％）外，其他4种饵料中含量丰富，其中中华哲水蚤（13．89％、21．88％）和短额刺糠虾（17．79％、15．97％）最为丰富。由此可见，5种饵料动物富含蛋白质、脂肪，均符合作为饵料动物的基本营养需求，其中中华哲水蚤和短额刺糠虾营养价值最佳。In order to get an evaluation of the nutritive values of five food animals, the nutrient composition was investigated for nauplii of Anemia, enriched Anemia, Calanus sinicus, Acanthomysis brevirostis and Ampithoe valida. The contents of moisture, ash, crude protein, crude fat, amino acids and fatty acids in those food animals were determined by adopting national standard method. The results showed as follows： the contents of moisture, ash, crude fat and crude protein in five food animals were 87.83% to 92.89% , 1.69% to 4.12% （fresh） ,0.55% to 1.36% （fresh） and 4.25% to 8.74% （fresh） respectively. The highest contents of crude fat in nauplii of Anemia, and the highest crude protein content in A. brevirostis were observed in this study. Each food animal contained 20 amino acids, reasonable structure and rich in essential amino acids, which had a decreasing tendency in five food animals of amino acid contents and evaluation as A. brevirostis 〉 nauplii of Anemia 〉 enriched Anemia 〉 C. sinicus 〉 A. valida. All the food animals contained 23 fatty acids,and polyunsaturated fatty acid （PUFA）content was 23.21% to 41.03% , which had a decreasing tendency in in five food animals as C. sinicus 〉 A. brevirostis 〉 A. valida 〉 nauplii of Anemia 〉 enriched Anemia, （P 〉 0.05 ）. EPA and DHA were rarely detected in nauplii of Anemia,but C. sinicus,A, valida and A. brevirostis rich in EPA and DHA. In conclusion, the five food animals are rich in protein and fat, all meet the basic nutritional needs of animal feed, especially C. sinicus and A. brevirostis.

关 键 词：饵料动物 营养成分 氨基酸 脂肪酸 评价 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]