水生生态系统蓝藻固氮作用研究进展与展望  

Progress and prospect of research on cyanobacteria nitrogen fixing in aquatic ecosystem

作　　者：叶琳琳[1,2] 张民[2] 孔繁翔[2] 阳振[2] 史小丽[2] 闫德智[1] 刘波[1] 

机构地区：[1]南通大学地理科学学院,南通226007 [2]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,南京210008

出　　处：《湖泊科学》2014年第1期9-18,共10页Journal of Lake Sciences

基　　金：湖泊与环境国家重点实验室开放基金项目(2012SKL006);河口海岸学国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLEC-KF201310);国家自然科学基金项目(41201076;31270507)联合资助

摘　　要：固氮蓝藻在水生生态系统中占优势是由多种因素所引起的,如营养盐浓度及形态、氮磷比、水温和微量元素等.一般认为,湖泊中正磷酸盐浓度≥0.01 mg/L、溶解性无机氮浓度≤0.1 mg/L时,固氮蓝藻出现,并且低的氮磷比是表征水体中固氮蓝藻出现的重要指标,但引起固氮与非固氮蓝藻分异的驱动机制还需要深入研究.此外,光照、无机氮浓度与形态、异形胞丰度和溶解性有机物对蓝藻固氮速率有重要影响,进而决定蓝藻氮释放通量及对水体中氮库的贡献作用.固氮蓝藻是贫营养盐海域和海洋生态系统中氮库的重要贡献者,但在富营养化湖泊中,其贡献作用还存在争议.因此就目前国内外对固氮蓝藻相关研究做综述,以期待业界同行能够对蓝藻固氮作用及其氮释放对水生生态系统中氮循环的贡献引起重视.The predominance of nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria in the eutrophic aquatic systems is related to many environmental factors,such as nutrient forms and concentrations,nitrogen to phosphorus ratio,water temperature and trace metal.The nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria dominated in lakes with the concentration of orthophosphate above 0.01mg / L,the concentration of dissolved inorganic nitrogen under 0.1 mg / L,furthermore,the lower ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus was suggested to indicate the occurrence of the nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria,but the differentiation mechanism of nitrogen fixing and non-nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria need a deep research.Moreover,cyanobacteria nitrogen fixing rates can be influenced by the light availability,inorganic nitrogen concentrations,heterocyst abundance and the fixed nitrogen determines the contribution to the pools of nitrogen.The nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria is the important contributor to the pools of nitrogen in the ocean systems,but in the eutrophic lakes,its contribution is still in dispute.Thus,this paper reviewed the researches on nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria to attract attention of scientist on its important contribution to the pool of nitrogen in aquatic systems.

关 键 词：固氮蓝藻 固氮速率 氮库 水生生态系统 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]