中国青少年体育健康促进的理论溯源与框架构建  

Theoretical Origin and Framework Construction of Adolescent Sports and Health Promotion in China

作　　者：汪晓赞[1,2] 郭强[1,2] 金燕[1,2] 李有强[3] 吴红权[1,2] 季浏[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学体育与健康学院,上海200241 [2]"青少年健康评价与运动干预"教育部重点实验室,上海200241 [3]上海体育学院国际文化交流学院,上海200438

出　　处：《体育科学》2014年第3期3-14,共12页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(11BTY042);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-10-0386);上海市曙光计划项目(12SG26)

摘　　要：通过梳理国内、外青少年健康促进理论与实践的历史发展,总结出青少年健康促进的两次重要转向:由早期疾病诊疗的辅助手段转向提倡积极健康的生活方式,由制定健康公共政策的理论探索转向推动行动计划的实践实施。国外青少年体育健康促进的成功范例有:"总统挑战杯"、"动起来"、"5-2-1-0计划"、健康公民计划、体育振兴基本计划、体育创新计划、健康改造计划、"塑造全新的你"、"运动是良药"、欧洲健康促进学校网络计划以及"传递的足球"等。这些优秀的体育健康促进行动计划具有非政府组织积极参与、促进对象全面覆盖和区域发展不平衡等特点。我国青少年体育健康促进的推广和实施主要体现在健康促进学校的实施与推广、国家宏观政策的推动和多元联动机制的探索等几个方面。通过分析国内、外青少年体育健康促进的发展规律和内在价值基础,结合我国实际情况,尝试提出包含身体干预、心理调试和营养膳食的多维发展格局,学校、家庭、社区联动的多维发展策略和基于现代信息技术的监测、评价、管理等多维监管机制的中国青少年健康促进框架体系,从而推动以积极生活方式为核心的具有中国特色的体育健康促进理论与实践的全面发展。By sorting the historical development of the theory and practice of adolescent health promotion in China and abroad, this paper concludes that two major transitions have occurred in this area-the transition from a supplementary means for early diagnosis and treatment to the promotion of a positive and healthy lifestyle; and the transition from the theoretical exploration of stipulating health public policies to the implementation of promotion plans. Successful pro- jects of adolescent health promotion in foreign counties include the President＇s Challenge, Let＇s Move, 5-2-1-0, People＇ s Health Movement, Sport Rejuvenation Plans, Designed to Move, Shape It Up, Camp NEW You, Exercise is Medicine, European Network of Health Pro- moting Schools, Instituto 13ola Pra Frente, etc. These exemplary projects are characterized as non-government involvement, comprehensively inclusion of target population, and uneven re- gional development. The promotion and implementation of adolescent health promotion in China are embodied in the following aspects：the implementation and promotion of health promotion plans in schools, the advancement of national macro policies, and the exploration of a mecha- nism of connecting different organizations. After analyzing the laws of development and the in- ner values of adolescent health promotion in China and abroad, considering the actual situation in China, this essay suggests a framework system of Chinese adolescent health promotion, which includes a multi-dimensional development pattern of physical intervention, psychological adjustment and nutritious diets; a multi-dimensional development strategy of connecting schools, homes and communities; and a multi-dimensional monitoring mechanism based on mod- ern information technological monitoring, evaluation and management. It will thereby encourage the full development of the Chinese theory and practice of sports and health promotion that fo- cuses on positive lifestyles.

关 键 词：青少年 体育健康促进 生活方式 理论溯源 框架体系 

分 类 号：G807[文化科学—体育训练]