留守经历对大学生心理韧性的影响  

The Effect of Left-behind Experience on College Students' Psychological Resilience

作　　者：杨琴[1] 蔡太生[2] 林静[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南科技学院心理中心,中国425199 [2]中南大学湘雅二医院医学心理中心

出　　处：《中国健康心理学杂志》2014年第2期272-274,共3页China Journal of Health Psychology

摘　　要：目的调查留守经历大学生心理韧性的差异并探讨其影响因素。方法采用青少年心理韧性量表、自编留守情况调查表,对560名大学生进行抽样调查,从中筛选出留守经历大学生245名,无留守经历大学生291名进行数据分析。结果①有留守经历大学生家庭支持得分显著低于无留守经历大学生(P<0.05);有留守经历女生目标专注、家庭支持、支持力总分、心理韧性总分显著低于无留守经历女生(P<0.05);有无留守经历男生心理韧性水平无显著差异(P>0.05);②同为留守经历,男女大学生心理韧性总分无显著差异(P>0.05),但男生情绪控制(t=3.265,P<0.01)、个人力总分(t=2.129,P<0.05)显著高于女生,女生支持力总分显著高于男生(t=-2.143,P<0.05);③留守总时间不同的大学生家庭支持得分差异显著(F=3.074,P<0.05),留守期间与父母联系频率不同的大学生人际协助得分差异显著(F=3.332,P<0.05),与抚养人沟通情况不同的大学生人际协助得分(F=4.91,P<0.01)、支持力总分(F=6.331,P<0.05)、心理韧性总分差异显著(F=3.687,P<0.05);④与抚养人沟通情况、性别及与父母团聚频率对支持力有一定预测作用,预测正确率为10.8%;与抚养人沟通情况对总体心理韧性有一定预测作用,预测正确率为3.7%。结论留守经历对大学生心理韧性有一定影响;可通过加强与抚养人沟通、与父母团聚频率等提升留守儿童,尤其是留守女童的心理韧性水平。Objective To study the difference of psychological resilience between college students with and without left-behind expe- rience, and explore its influencing factors. Methods A total of 560 college students were asked to complete the resilience scale for Chinese adolescents and self-edited questionnaires of college students with left-behind experience, in which 245 subjects with left-behind experience and 291 without such experience were available, and the test results were analyzed. Results （1） The scores of family supporting of college students who had left-behind experience were significantly lower than peers without such experience （ P 〈 0.05 ）. while the total score of goal planning, family supporting, supportive power and total resilience of girls with left-behind experience were significantly high- er than peers without left-behind experience （P 〈 0.05 ）. There was no significant difference between boys with and without left-behind experience in terms of resilience（ P 〉 0.05 ）. （2）Though the difference of the total score of resilience between the boys and girls, who had left-behind experience, was not significant（ P 〉 0.05 ）. The total score of boys＇emotion control （ t = 3. 265, P 〈 0.01 ） and individual power （ t = 2. 129, P 〈 0.05 ） were higher than girls, and that of boys supportive power was relatively low compared with girls （ t = -2. 143, P 〈 0.05 ）. （3）The difference of the score of family supporting of college students with different left-behind time was significant（ F = 3.074 ,P 〈 0.05）. The difference of the score of help-seeking of college students was significant （ F = 3. 332, P 〈 0.05 ）, who had different frequency of communication with their parents during the period of their left-behind. The differences of the score of help-seeking（ F = 4. 91, P 〈 0.01 ）, supportive power（ F = 6. 331, P 〈 0.05 ）, the total score of resilience （ F = 3. 687, P 〈 0.05 ） of college students were significant. @The condition of c

关 键 词：大学生 留守经历 心理韧性 社会心理 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]