生物净水工艺中降解有机污染物优势菌的筛选初探  

Isolation of the Dominant Bacteria with Biodegradability of Organic Pollutants from Biological Water Treatment Process

作　　者：向红[1,2] 吕锡武[1] 尹立红[1] 杨飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京210009 [2]贵州省疾病预防控制中心,贵州贵阳550004

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2014年第3期1-6,共6页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理重大专项(2008ZX07421-004)

摘　　要：为了获得高效有机污染物降解的优势菌株,以稳定运行的生物净水工艺为研究对象,采用细菌分离、生化鉴定、脱氢酶活性分析、净水效能测定和降解相关基因扩增等方法对生物滤池中微生物群落进行了分析。结果表明,从生物滤池中分离的优势菌主要为巨大芽胞杆菌、短小芽胞杆菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌、弗氏枸橼酸杆菌、豚鼠气单胞菌、恶臭假单胞菌和肺炎克雷氏菌等。在8株高脱氢酶活性的菌株中,1株巨大芽孢杆菌、1株蜡样芽孢杆菌和2株恶臭假单胞菌对原水中的高锰酸盐指数UV254和TOC的去除效率较高;并从1株恶臭假单胞菌株的基因组DNA中成功扩增出大小为548 bp的偏三苯酚1,2-双加氧酶基因片段(对硝基苯酚降解相关基因),说明该菌株具有降解对硝基苯酚污染物的潜能。因此,本研究可筛选高效有机污染物降解的优势菌株,为生物净水工艺提供优良的菌种资源。In order to screen high effective organic pollutants degrading bacteria, the microbial communities in biological ac-tivated filters were analyzed by isolation and identification, dehydrogenas assay, purification efficiency, functional genes am-plification of bacteria, with biological water treatment process at the steady operation state as the research object. Result showed that the main dominant bacteria in the biological activated filters were Bacillus megatherium, Bacillus pumilus, Bacil- lus cereus, Citrobacter freundii, Aeromonas caviae, Pseudomonas putida and KlebsieUa pneumoniae. 4 strains including one strain of Bacillus megatherium, one strain of Bacillus cereus and two strains of Pseudomonas putida had good treatment effi- ciency in removing CODMn, UV254 and TOC from raw water. A 548bp DNA fragment （p-nitrophenol degradation relevant gene） encoding hydroxyquinol 1, 2-dioxygenase was obtained from the genomic DNA of a Pseudornonas putida through PCR amplification, which indicated that the strain had potential in biodegradation of p-nitrophenol. Therefore, high effective or- ganic pollutants degrading bacteria are screened out in this study, which would provide valuable bacterial resource for biolog-ical water treatment process.

关 键 词：生物活性滤池 优势菌 脱氢酶活性 处理效果 筛选 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]