全国海水浴场及经济贝类中腺病毒的分布  

The distribution of adenovirus in bathing beach and commercial shellfish of China

作　　者：明红霞[1] 樊景凤[1] 梁玉波[1] 关道明[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局国家海洋环境监测中心,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《海洋学报》2014年第2期108-114,共7页

基　　金：海洋公益性行业科研专项(201105007);国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室开放研究基金(201201)

摘　　要：为分析全国海水浴场、贝类增养殖区人类肠道腺病毒的污染状况，采用超滤浓缩方法，TaqM an探针实时定量PCR技术对其进行了定量。结果表明，全国10个海水浴场表层海水中腺病毒的阳性检出率为35％，含量为1.1×107～2.8×107 copies/L。在离岸100 m和1000 m处腺病毒的分布无显著差别（ p＞0.05）；在调查的162份贝类样品中，腺病毒的阳性检出率为11.7％，含量为2.4×104～3.1×105 copies/g。6类经济贝类中牡蛎带病毒量最高。由此可见，全国范围内海水浴场表层海水和主要增养殖区经济贝类中腺病毒污染比较普遍，尤其以山东、辽宁和浙江三省最为严重，给洗浴者和消费者健康造成潜在威胁。人类肠道腺病毒可以很好地指示粪便污染，调查其在海水浴场和经济贝类中的分布，可以帮助公众预警胃肠道病毒的暴发流行，本研究为开展全国腺病毒的环境风险评估和分子流行病学调查奠定了良好的基础。In order to analyze the contamination of human enteric viruses in bathing beach and economic shellfish along the primarily commercial shellfish-breeding areas in coastal cities ,we chose adenovirus as the object of this study .Vi-rus was concentrated by efficient ultra-centrifuge method ,then TaqMan real-time PCR was employed to quantify its concentration .The percentage of positive samples for adenovirus was 35% in ten bathing beaches of China .The con-centration was 1.1 × 107 -2.8 × 107 copies/L .The viral incidence in the water samples collected from 100 meters off the seashore was found not to be correlated with those from 1 000 meters out （p〉0.05） .The percentage of positive samples for adenovirus was 11.7% in 162 samples ,the concentration ranged from 2.4 × 104 to 3.1 × 105 copies/g . During six chosen commercial shellfish ,Oyster apparently had the strongest ability to carry adenovirus .Hence ,the contamination of seawater and shellfish by human adenovirus was relatively common . The fecal contamination in Shandong Province ,Liaoning Province and Zhejiang Province were more severe ,indicating a potential public health threat for bathers and consumers . Human enteric adenovirus was a good indicator to present the fecal pollution . Therefore ,investigating its distribution from bathing beach and commercial shellfish may help to alert community health to enteric viruses that are in circulation in the population .This study laid a good foundation for carrying out the risk assessment and molecular epidemiological investigation of adenovirus in the w hole China .

关 键 词：人类肠道腺病毒 表层海水 经济贝类 TaqMan探针实时定量PCR技术 

分 类 号：X174[环境科学与工程—环境科学]