中日农村义务教育投入机制的比较研究  

The Comparison Research on Rural Compulsory Education Investment Mechanism Between China and Japan

作　　者：李慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]中共四川省委党校,四川成都610072

出　　处：《教育与教学研究》2014年第3期24-28,90,共6页Education and Teaching Research

摘　　要：中日两国同为具有东亚文化的国家,文章通过对中日两国农村义务教育投入体制的分析比较,发现中国在义务教育投入体制上与日本相比是有差异的,主要体现在日本的义务教育投入标准全国统一,而中国则不同;中国的投入保障力度不及日本;中国在教育资源分配上城市优于乡村;对于特殊教育及贫困生的资助等日本都以法律形式固定下来,而中国的《义务教育法》中并未体现。因此,中国可以借鉴日本的经验,学习日本的财政转移支付制度;形成农村义务教育服务投入的均等化的全国标准、计划和监管执行体系;加强农村义务教育教师队伍建设;对教育资源进行合理分配;加大对农村贫困学生的资助和帮扶力度,促进农村义务教育的发展。China and Japan are countries with east Asian cultures. Through the analysis of the education invesnnent mechanism in the two countries, this article finds that Chinese cccnpulsory education investment system is different from that of Japan. For example, Japan＇s investment in education is of national unified standard, but Chinese system is different. Compared with Japan, Chinese governmental input and assurance are not enough.In the case of education resources, China puts more focus on urban education rather than rural education.For special education and funding for poor students,they are fixed in the form of law in Japan, while there is no legislation to protect it in China. Therefore, China can draw on the experiences of Japan and Japan＇s fiscal transfer payment system,form a national equalization standard of rural compulsory educa- tion investing, planning and regulating systems. It＇s very necessary to strengthen the construction of rural compulsory education teachers, ration- ally allocate education resources, increase fundings and assisting for rural poor students,and promote the development of rural compulsory edu- eation.

关 键 词：中国 日本 农村义务教育 教育投入体制 教育资源 财政转移支付 

分 类 号：G467.2[文化科学—教育学]