双内容样例学习的研究及重要启示  

Double-content Example Learning and Its Significant Enlightenment

作　　者：曲可佳[1] 张奇[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学心理学院,大连116029

出　　处：《心理科学》2014年第2期373-376,共4页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(批号:30970888);国家教育部博士点基金博导类项目(20112136110001)的资助

摘　　要：文章介绍了单内容样例与双内容样例的划分标准以及双内容样例在知识学习、技能和策略习得等研究中的进展。作者从中获得启示,提出了根据两种知识的熟悉程度,组合不同学习难度的双内容样例并考察其学习效果的研究设想,并提出了双内容样例学习的三种认知加工模式。In recent years, with the development of study on worked-example learning, various taxonomies of worked-examples have appeared. The distinction of single-content examples and double-content examples was one of these classifications. This paper presents an overview of recent researches on double-content example learning. The review introduces the comparisons between single-content examples and double-content examples and the relationship between two levels of double-content examples, which indicates the essential features of double-content examples. In addition, this paper also summaries the empirical researches on double-content example learning during these years. Researchers have conducted a series of studies in different fields, including knowledge learning, skill acquisition and strategy acquisition, which demonstrated the positive effects of double-content example learning. Firstly, many researchers did researches on the effect of double-content examples in knowledge learning, especially, the impact of completion of examples, feedback and cooperative learning in double-content examples learning effect. Secondly, double-content examples were also applied in skill acquisition, such as negotiation skill, spreadsheet applications in learning mathematics, cooperative learning skill, argumentation skills, and selection and design worked-out examples for high school students. Lastly, researchers explored the effects of double-content examples in learning strategy acquisition, involving concept mapping, learning journal, and so on. Based on the literature of different researches, this paper provides five important implications. The first one is the distinction between single-content examples and double-content examples. In double-content examples, both the learning domain and exemplifying domain should be new knowledge to learners. Therefore, future researches should aim to explore the learning effect of different double-content examples based on the combination of familiarity in learning domain and exemplifying dom

关 键 词：双内容样例 学习域 示例域 认知加工模型 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]