榕管蓟马危害与寄主叶片结构及营养物质的关系  

The injury of Gynaikothrips uzeli Zimmermann to potted ficus and its correlation with the host leaves structure and nutrient contents

作　　者：余德亿[1] 姚锦爱[1] 黄鹏[1] 胡进锋[1] 蓝炎阳 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所,福建福州350013 [2]漳州农业科技园区研究中心,福建漳州363204

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2014年第2期38-44,共7页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国际科技合作专项项目(2013DFA31830);福建省农业科技重大专项专题(2010NZ0003-2-3);福建省属公益类科研院所基本科研专项(2010R1026-4);福建省农业科技重点项目(2011N0009)

摘　　要：为明确榕管蓟马危害与寄主叶片结构及营养物质的关系,田间测定榕管蓟马对6种盆栽榕树的危害,室内检测它们的叶片切面结构和蛋白质及氨基酸等主要营养物质含量,并探讨两者间的相关性。结果表明:榕管蓟马对6种盆栽榕树的危害存在差异,分4个层次,第1层次的垂叶榕属高感品种,第2层次的花叶垂叶榕属易感品种,第3层次的榕树属低抗品种,第4层次的金叶榕、斑叶橡胶榕和黑叶橡胶榕均属高抗品种。6种盆栽榕树的叶片切面结构和主要营养物质含量存在显著差异,各检测指标值因品种不同有所改变,除上表皮厚度、栅栏组织细胞宽度之外的所有叶片切面结构指标和除甲硫氨酸之外的所有主要营养物质含量指标,均与榕管蓟马的危害指标存在显著或极显著的相关性;栅栏、海绵组织厚度越厚,栅海比越小,蛋白质、精氨酸、组氨酸、苯丙氨酸和缬草氨酸的含量越低,其叶片抗蓟马危害的能力越强,这些指标是最主要的影响因子。上述结果表明:榕管蓟马危害与盆栽榕树品种有关,它们的叶片切面结构和主要营养物质含量均可影响榕管蓟马对寄主植物的锉吸危害。We investigated the injury of potted ficus caused by Gynaikothrips uzeli and its correlation with the host leaves structure and nutrition facts in field. The injury of six potted fieus varieties was measured. The transverse sections of host leaves were observed and protein and amino aeid contents were determined. Correlation analysis between the injury levels and the transverse sections or protein and amino acid contents was also conducted. In the fields,six potted fieus varieties showed different tolerance to G. uzeli,and sere grouped into four eategories. Ficus benjamina Linn. belongs to the first category, the highly susceptible variety;F, benjamina ＇ （;olden Prineess＇ belongs to the second category, the susceptible variety; F. microcarpa Linn. f. belongs to the third category, the resistant variety ; and F. microcarpa ＇ Golden Leaves ＇ , F. elastica ＇ Deoeora Burgundy＇ and F. elastica var. variegata belong to the fi^urth category, the highly resistant variety. Significant differences among the six potted fieus varieties were found in transverse sections and main nutrition contents,and each test parameter values were different among the six potted fieus varieties. CmTelative analysis showed that there was a significant or very significant correlation between injury and each nutrition facts except for methionine or between injury and transverse sections except for thickness of upper epidermis and cell width of palisade tissue. The thicker the palisade tissue and spongy tissue were, the lower the palisade/spongy ratio was, and the higher the protein, arginine, histidine,phenylalanine,valine were,the stronger resistance of leaves to thrips injury was. These indexs were most important impact factors. The results of this study suggested that injury of G. uzeli to potted fieus related to potted fieus varieties, and its transverse sections of leaves and main nutrition contents could affect injury level of G. uzeli to potted ficus in field.

关 键 词：榕管蓟马 盆栽榕树 危害 叶片结构 蛋白质含量 氨基酸含量 

分 类 号：S436.8[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]