稻纵卷叶螟人工饲料中防霉剂对曲霉的抑制效果  

Inhibitory effects of antifungal agents against Aspergillus on the artificial diets of rice leaffolder,Cnaphalocrocis medinalis

作　　者：张树坤[1] 王业成[1] 苏建亚[1] 任秀贝[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院/农作物生物灾害综合治理教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2014年第2期59-66,共8页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(20093051)

摘　　要：稻纵卷叶螟目前用人工饲料饲养非常困难,这与饲料中使用的防霉剂有关。针对稻纵卷叶螟的饲养需要更安全的防霉剂品种,试验评估了19种防霉剂,包括7种食品保鲜剂、6种杀菌剂和6种抗真菌药物对黄曲霉与黑曲霉的抑制效果。结果显示:纳他霉素、脱氢乙酸、咪鲜胺、咯菌腈、戊唑醇、嘧菌酯以及伏立康唑对稻纵卷叶螟人工饲料上的曲霉菌有良好的抑制效果,尤其是纳他霉素最为突出,300μg·g-1即能完全控制霉菌的生长,效果与山梨酸相当,高于尼泊金甲酯的效果。脱氢乙酸对曲霉菌也有与山梨酸相同的抑制效果。这些防霉剂具有开发成昆虫防霉剂的潜力,但尚需进一步研究其对稻纵卷叶螟幼虫生长发育的影响,评价其对昆虫的安全性。The rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis is difficult to rear with artificial diets in laboratory, which might be caused by the antifungal agents used in the diets, and the successful rearing of C. medinalis needs＂ safer＂ antifungal agents. In this study nineteen antifungal agents including 7 food preservatives, 6 agricultural fungicides and 6 antifungal drugs are assayed for the inhibitory activities against the growth of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger on insect artificial diets. Among these tested chemicals natamycin, dehydroacetate, prochloraz,fludiozonil, tebuconazole, azoxystrobin and voriconazole demonstrate their potentials in mold control in insect artificial diets, and natamycin is the best one tested in this assay, which has completely prevented the mold growth for 20 days at the concentration of 300 μg·g^-1. The inhibitory effect of natamycin is similar with that of sorbic acid, moreover superior to methylparaben. Dehydroacetate also has good antifungal effect comparable to sorbic acid. These antifungal agents are promising to become the anti-mold agents of insect diets, however, further researches on the effects of antifungal agents on the survival and development of larvae should be done to evaluate their safety on insect larvae.

关 键 词：稻纵卷叶螟 防霉剂 人工饲料 纳他霉素 脱氢乙酸 

分 类 号：Q969.93[生物学—昆虫学]