我国九省眼病调查中黑龙江省双城市50岁及以上人群肓和中、重度视力损伤患病率及致病原因调查  

Prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment among adults aged 50 years or above in Shuangcheng City of Heilongjiang Province： the China Nine-Province Survey

作　　者：张丽琼[1] 崔浩[1] 赵家良[2] Leon B.Ellwein 李志坚[1] 李明生[1] 于楠楠[1] 王羽 高学成 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院眼科, 150001 [2] 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院眼科 [3] 美国国家眼科研究所 [4] 国家卫生和计划生育委员会医政医管局

出　　处：《中华眼科杂志》2014年第3期173-178,共6页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology

摘　　要：目的 调查黑龙江省双城市50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率及致病原因.方法 以人群为基础的横断面调查.2006年9至12月对黑龙江省双城市50岁及以上人群进行视力和眼部检查.采用整群随机抽样方法抽取28个调查点,共检录5 481人.正式现场调查之前先进行预试验,并进行保证调查质量的重复性检验.根据村户口本逐户检录调查对象.按年龄、性别和受教育程度分别计算受检者盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率,并判断受检者盲和中、重度视力损伤的原因.采用x2检验、趋势x2检验进行各数据间的比较.结果 在检录的5 481人中,5 047人接受并完成了检查,受检率为92.08％.以世界卫生组织1973年视力损伤分类为标准,以BCVA计算,50岁及以上受检者中盲87人,患病率为1.72％,中、重度视力损伤237人,患病率为4.69％;以日常生活视力计算,盲96人,患病率为1.90％,中、重度视力损伤365人,患病率为7.23％.以BCVA计算,高龄（趋势x2=674.44,P＜ 0.01）、女性（x2=39.61,P＜0.01）和文盲（趋势x2=142.82,P＜0.01）人群中盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率增高.其中52.70％的盲和中、重度视力损伤原因为白内障.包括AMD、高度近视黄斑变性和糖尿病视网膜病变在内的视网膜疾病占盲和中、重度视力损伤眼致病原因的11.31％.未矫正的屈光不正也是导致视力损伤的重要原因,占盲和中、重度视力损伤眼致病原因的13.38％.结论 黑龙江省双城市50岁及以上人群盲和中、重度视力损伤的患病率在我国九省眼病调查结果中处于较高水平.白内障、视网膜病变和未矫正的屈光不正是导致其盲和中、重度视力损伤的重要原因.Objective To investigate the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment among adults aged 50 years or above in Shuangcheng City of Heilongjiang Provicne,China.Methods It was a population-based cross-section study.Geographically defined cluster sampling was used in randomly selecting 5 841 individuals aged 50 years or above in 28 basic smaple units in Shuangcheng City from September to December 2006.The survey was preceded by a pilot study where operational methods were refined and quality assurance evaluation was carried out.All participants were enumerated through village registers followed door-to-door visits.Eligible individuals were invited to receive visual acuity measurement and eye examination.Statistical analyses were performed using Stata/SE Statistical Software,release 9.0.Chi-square test was used to investigate the association of age,gender and education with presenting and best corrected visual acuity.Results Five thousands four hundreds and eighty-one individuals were enumerated and 5 047 persons were examined,the response rate was 92.08%.Based on the criteria of World Health Organization visual impairment classification in 1973,the prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as best corrected visual acuity was 1.72% （87/5 047）and 4.69% （237/5 047） respectively.The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment defined as presenting visual acuity was 1.90% （96/5 047） and 7.23% （365/5 047） respectively.The prevalence of blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment was higher in aged （trend x2 =674.44,P 〈 0.01）,female （x2 =39.61,P 〈 0.01） and illiterate （trend x2 =142.82,P 〈 0.01） persons.Cataract （52.70%） was still the first leading cause of blindness and visual impairment.The percentage of the retinal diseases,including age-related macular degeration,high myopic retinopathy and diabetic retinopathy was 11.31% among the eyes with blindness and moderate and severe visual impairment.Un-co

关 键 词：盲 视觉障碍 白内障 患病率 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R779.1[医药卫生—眼科]