两种茶树花粉的生活力及贮藏力研究  

Studies on Viability and Storage Capacity of Pollens from Two Tea Cultivars

作　　者：许林[1,2] 李应发[1] 周忠诚[3] 李卓[4] 杜克兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院,武汉430070 [2]武汉市林业果树科学研究所,武汉430075 [3]湖北生态工程职业技术学院,武汉430200 [4]河南农业大学林学园艺学院,郑州450002

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2013年第24期6067-6071,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：武汉市科技攻关项目(201121412514-4);武汉市农业科学技术研究院创新项目(CX201222)

摘　　要：为开展茶树[Camellia sinensis （L.）O.Kuntze]杂交育种工作,以茶树品种台茶12号（C.sinensis ‘Taicha 12’）和福鼎大白茶（C.sinensis‘Fuding-dabaicha’）为试材,采用离体培养法开展花粉生活力与贮藏力研究.结果表明,H3BO3、蔗糖、pH、琼脂浓度以及萌发温度对供试的两种茶树花粉离体发芽率均有明显影响.两种茶树花粉离体萌发的最适培养基成分均为300 mg/L Ca （NO3）2＋200 mg/L MgSO4＋100mg/L KNO3＋100 mg/L H3BO3＋10％蔗糖＋1.0％琼脂,最适pH 5.4,适宜萌发温度为16～21℃.贮藏温度对茶树花粉生活力保持具有显著影响,温度越低越有利于花粉活力的保持.-70℃最适于茶树花粉的长期贮藏,贮藏180 d后,台茶12号、福鼎大白茶的花粉发芽率分别为71.12％、50.61％.在生产实践中,-20℃贮藏茶树花粉亦可取得较好的效果,贮藏180 d后,台茶12号、福鼎大白茶的花粉发芽率分别为60.16％、46.88％.For tea hybridization,viability and storage capacity of pollens from Camellia sinensis ‘Taicha 12’ and ‘Fudingdabaicha’ were studied using culture in vitro.Results showed that H3BO3,sucrose,pH,agar concentration and germinating temperature had significant effects on germination rate of the pollens tested.The optimum medium of both pollens was 300 mg/L Ca （NO3）2 ＋ 200 mg/L MgS04 ＋ 100 mg/L KN03 ＋ 100 mg/L H3BO3 ＋ 10％ sucrose ＋1.0％ agar,pH 5.4.The best temperature was 16～21 ℃.Lower storage temperature was suitable for keeping tea pollens viability.-70 ℃ was suitable for long-time storage.Stored for 180d,pollens from ‘Taicha 12’ and ‘Fuding-dabaicha’ had germination rate of 71.12％ and 50.61％,respectively.Stored under-20℃ for 180d,pollens from ‘Taicha 12＇ and ‘Fuding-dabaicha’ had germination rate of 60.16％ and 46.88％,respectively.

关 键 词：台茶12号(C sinensis'Taicha 12’) 福鼎大白茶(C sinensis'Fuding-dabaicha’) 花粉 离体萌发 生活力 贮藏力 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] Q944.42[农业科学—作物学]