从“少年班”“基地班”到“拔尖计划”的实施——35年来我国基础学科拔尖人才培养的回溯与前瞻  

Retrospect and Prospect: Thirty-five years' Exploration and Practice Cultivating Academic Elites

作　　者：叶俊飞 

机构地区：[1]南京大学教育研究院,博士研究生江南京210093

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2014年第4期13-19,共7页China Higher Education Research

基　　金：江苏省教育科学“十二五”规划2013年度立项课题“基础学科拔尖创新人才培养之研究”(课题编号:C-c/2013/01/036);江苏省2013年度普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(项目编号:CXLX13_011)的研究成果

摘　　要：从1978年中国科技大学创建第一个"少年班",到90年代"国家理科基础科学研究和教学人才培养基地"的建设,到2009年"拔尖计划"的启动,35年来我国高校培养学术英才的改革探索,取得了丰硕的成果,形成了"多样选拔,集中成班,系统培养"的基本模式,以及"少而精、高层次"的培养目标和"拓宽、强化基础,倡导早期科研训练"的基本路径。展望未来发展,要真正解答钱学森的"世纪之问",造就一批基础学科拔尖创新人才,还应当在以下三方面有所突破:其一,造就学术精英的努力应当始于本科而又不限本科,重视造就拔尖人才的长期性与整体性;其二,关注学生发展,自主选择,重视个性化发展机制的完善;其三,拓展"基础",训练思维,重视学术素养的形成与提升。It has been 35 years reform and exploration cultivating academic elites： from the first school of Gifted Young founded at University of Science and Technology of China 1978, then National Science Basic Science Research and Teaching Personnel Training Base constructed 90 years later, until to now Test Plan for The Development of Basic Disciplines of Top-Notch Students started at 2009. It has achieved fruitful results and formed some of basic features. Its basic mode is multiple recruitment, concentrated into classes, system cultivating. And its basic principle is Small but efficient, high-level. Its pathway is broaden and strengthen the foundation, advocating undergraduate research experience. Looking forward future economic development, really answering ＂Qian of the question＂, this paper provide three recommendations for Test Plan for The Development of Basic Disciplines of Top-Notch Students： emphasizing on top-notch talent cuhivation＇s long-term and integrity; paying attention to personalized student-development mechanism; promoting student＇s literacy and academic

关 键 词：基础学科 拔尖人才培养 回溯与前瞻 

分 类 号：G649.2[文化科学—高等教育学]