高原环境大功率柴油机性能综合改进技术研究  

Study on Improvement of High Power Diesel Engine Performance in Plateau Environment

作　　者：王宪成[1] 郭猛超[1] 和穆[1] 谷操 程江华[3] 

机构地区：[1]装甲兵工程学院机械工程系,北京100072 [2]北京丰凯换热器有限责任公司,北京100072 [3]中国北方发动机研究所,大同037036

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2014年第2期113-118,共6页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：军队科研项目(2009BZ50;2010WG02)

摘　　要：以某在用车辆动力舱空间为约束,提出增压中冷一体化技术,增加了高原(海拔大于3000m)柴油机进气密度:采用对流换热强化技术与先进制造技术,设计一种高效紧凑型环形中冷器,将其安装在改进后的压气机涡壳内部,从水散热器后取水冷却气体,实现增压系统上集成一体化中冷系统。对喷油器结构参数进行改进,从优化高原柴油机缸内喷雾与燃烧过程的角度改进性能。中冷器换热试验和高原环境发动机性能模拟台架试验表明:海拔3700m,标定工况点,一体化技术可以使发动机压气机后气体温度降低35.1℃;2000r/min、117.2kg/h工况时,单独应用一体化技术,柴油机功率恢复4.6%,燃油消耗率降低4.1%,涡前排气温度降低39℃,最大压升率降低4.7%;同时,应用优化的喷油器,功率比原机在高原提升11.1%,燃油消耗率下降7.2%,涡前排气温度降低49℃,最大压升率降低10.3%。Considering tern was put forward for the fer enhancement technology constrained engine cabin space, a integrated turbocharging ~ intercooling sys- vehicle using in plateau （altitude over 3000 m）. Based on convection heat trans- and advanced manufacturing technique, a compact efficient annular intercooler was developed installed in the improved compressor and supplied cooling water by radiator. Injector structur- al parameters were modified to improve engine performance by optimizing in-cylinder injection spray and com- bustion in plateau environment. The intercooler heat exchange test and high altitude engine performance bench test show that at altitude of 3700m, in rated conditions the air temperature after compressor is reduced by 35.1 ℃ by using the integrated system; in conditions of 2000 r/min and 117.2 kg/h, by the integration technology separately engine power recovery reaches 4.6%, SFC drops 4. 1 %, exhaust temperature before turbine reduces 39 ℃, and the max. pressure rise rate falls by 4.7%; when added the fuel injection optimiza- tion, engine power increase 11.1%, SFC drops 7.2%, exhaust temperature before turbine reduces 49 ℃, max. pressure rise rate reduces by 10.3% compared with original in plateau environment.

关 键 词：内燃机 大功率柴油机 高原 一体化 热负荷 

分 类 号：TK421.8[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]