上下意象图式对羌族亲属词认知的影响  

The Vertically Spatial Metaphors of Kinship words of Qiang Nationality

作　　者：李惠娟[1] 张积家[2,1] 张瑞芯 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学心理应用研究中心,广州510631 [2]中国人民大学心理学系,北京100872

出　　处：《心理学报》2014年第4期481-491,共11页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(10BSH044)资助

摘　　要：采用亲属词判断任务和真假词判断任务,考查了"上下意象图式"对羌族被试认知隐含辈分关系的羌族亲属词的影响,并通过空间识别任务检验亲属词辈份概念加工能否自动地激活空间意象图式,引导空间注意朝向与空间意象图式一致的位置。实验1表明,在羌族被试对羌族亲属词的认知中,存在着"隐喻一致性效应":高辈分的亲属词呈现在计算机屏幕的上方加工得更快,低辈分的亲属词呈现在计算机屏幕的下方加工得更快。实验2表明,当目标刺激的空间位置与亲属词的辈分信息一致时,羌族被试对目标刺激的辨认速度更快。整个研究表明,羌族亲属词隐含的辈分关系可以用垂直空间关系来理解,并引导被试的空间注意朝向与上下意象图式一致的位置,证明对抽象概念的理解基于感觉运动的加工,符合概念隐喻理论的预言。The way human beings represent abstract concepts is an important issue worth exploring in cognitive psychology. The embodied cognition theory claims that the simulation of actual sensory-motor experiences gets involved into the process of mental representation of concepts. When people represent a concept, the pre-stored information of the sensory-motor experience is partly activated to form a simulation of this sensory-motor experience. The possibility and the ways for these abstract concepts to be represented in sensory-motor representation have always been unclear. The Conceptual Metaphor Theory proposes that abstract concepts are represented by metaphors. According to this theory, metaphors serve as the basis for abstract concepts by connecting them with more concrete representations. And, the up-down image schema is the most important metaphor. The kinship, the initial social relationship of individuals, is formed on the basis of blood relationship and marriage. There are corresponding words to represent kinship in each language system, and these words are termed as kinship words. Kinship words contain abundant information about genetics, marriage, sociology and culture. This study aimed to explore whether the embodied generation relationship of kinship words could be represented by more concrete representations through metaphors. Generally speaking, the senior generational kinship imply the higher authority, stronger and upper social status and more respect, but the junior generational kinship mean lower authority, weaker and lower social status and more care. Therefore, this article also tried to investigate the role of spatial up-down image schemas proposed in the Conceptual Metaphor Theory in the process of embodied generation relationship of kinship words. In this study, the authors chose the Qiang nationality, one of the oldest nationalities in China, as the subject for study.Kinship word judgment task and lexical decision task were introduced to examine the impact of the spatial up-down image schema

关 键 词：羌族亲属词 辈分 空间注意 具身认知 概念隐喻理论 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]