The Role of Chromatin Modifications in Progression through Mouse Meiotic Prophase  

作　　者：James H.Crichton Christopher J.Playfoot Ian R.Adams 

机构地区：[1]MRC Human Genetics Unit,MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine,University of Edinburgh,Western General Hospital

出　　处：《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》2014年第3期97-106,共10页遗传学报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by a Medical Research Council (MRC)intramural program grant to I.R.A.at the MRC Human Genetics Unit in UK

摘　　要：Meiosis is a key event in gametogenesis that generates new combinations of genetic information and is required to reduce the chro- mosome content of the gametes. Meiotic chromosomes undergo a number of specialised events during prophase to allow meiotic recombination, homologous chromosome synapsis and reductional chromosome segregation to occur. In mammalian cells, DNA phys- ically associates with histones to form chromatin, which can be modified by methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination and acetylation to help regulate higher order chromatin structure, gene expression, and chromosome organisation. Recent studies have identified some of the enzymes responsible for generating chromatin modifications in meiotic mammalian cells, and shown that these chromatin modifying enzymes are required for key meiosis-specific events that occur during meiotic prophase. This review will discuss the role of chromatin modifications in meiotic recombination, homologous chromosome synapsis and regulation of meiotic gene expression in mammals.Meiosis is a key event in gametogenesis that generates new combinations of genetic information and is required to reduce the chro- mosome content of the gametes. Meiotic chromosomes undergo a number of specialised events during prophase to allow meiotic recombination, homologous chromosome synapsis and reductional chromosome segregation to occur. In mammalian cells, DNA phys- ically associates with histones to form chromatin, which can be modified by methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination and acetylation to help regulate higher order chromatin structure, gene expression, and chromosome organisation. Recent studies have identified some of the enzymes responsible for generating chromatin modifications in meiotic mammalian cells, and shown that these chromatin modifying enzymes are required for key meiosis-specific events that occur during meiotic prophase. This review will discuss the role of chromatin modifications in meiotic recombination, homologous chromosome synapsis and regulation of meiotic gene expression in mammals.

关 键 词：MOUSE MEIOSIS CHROMATIN CHROMOSOME Histone modification DNA methylation 

分 类 号：Q343[生物学—遗传学]