浙江省茶叶生长的气候适宜性  

Climate suitability for tea growing in Zhejiang Province

作　　者：金志凤[1,2] 叶建刚 杨再强 孙睿[4] 胡波[1] 李仁忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省气候中心,杭州310017 [2]江苏省农业气象重点实验室,南京210044 [3]绍兴市气象局,浙江绍兴312000 [4]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2014年第4期967-973,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306037);中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201208);中国气象局气象关键技术集成与应用项目(CMAGJ2013M20)资助

摘　　要：定量评估茶叶生长季气候适宜度特征及其对气候变化的响应具有重要意义.本文基于1971—2010年浙江省逐日气象资料,应用模糊数学方法,结合茶叶气象指标,建立了旬尺度的温度、降水和日照适宜度模型,并应用几何平均法建立了茶叶综合气候适宜度模型.结果表明:研究期间,浙江省茶叶生长季内气候适宜度较高,均超过0.6;研究区茶叶的温度适宜度最高,降水适宜度次之,日照适宜度略低;茶叶气候适宜度具有明显的时间变化特征,20世纪70年代呈下降趋势,80年代变幅平缓,90年代之后表现为明显的上升趋势;春茶气候适宜度变化趋势与年度气候适宜度相似,均呈两头高、中间低,春茶气候适宜度的变幅更大,夏茶和秋茶气候适宜度均表现为下降趋势.It is important to quantitatively assess the climate suitability of tea and its response to cli- mate change. Based on meteorological indices of tea growth and daily meteorological data from 1971 to 2010 in Zhejiang Province, three climate suitability models for single climate factors, including temperature, precipitation and sunshine, were established at a 10-day scale by using the fuzzy mathematics method, and a comprehensive climate suitability model was established with the geo- metric average method. The results indicated that the climate suitability was high in the tea growth season in Zhejiang Province, and the three kinds of climate suitability were all higher than 0.6. As for the single factor climate suitability, temperature suitability was the highest and sunshine suitabil- ity was the lowest. There were obvious inter-annual variations of tea climate suitability, with a de- cline trend in the 1970s, less variation in the 1980s, and an obvious incline trend after the 1990s. The change tendency of climate suitability for spring tea was similar with that of annual climate suitability, lower in the 1980s, higher in the 1970s and after the 1990s. However, the variation amplitude of the climate suitability for spring tea was larger. The climate suitability for summer tea and autumn tea showed a decline trend from 1971 to 2010.

关 键 词：茶叶 模糊数学法 几何平均法 适宜度模型 气候适宜性 气候变化 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]