竹鱼中层拖网阻力计算的初步研究  

On resistance formula of Chilean jack mackerel( Trachurus murphyi) mid-water trawl used by Chinese fishing fleets

作　　者：陆奇巍[1] 张敏[1,2,3,4] 邹晓荣 李玉伟[1,2,4,5] 吴昔磊[6] 谢峰[6] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学农业部大洋渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [5]远洋渔业协同创新中心,上海201306 [6]上海开创远洋渔业有限公司,上海200090

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2014年第2期155-162,共8页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：国家863计划,竹鱼资源高效利用关键技术研究(2012AA092301);上海海洋大学博士科研启动基金(A-0209-13-0105418)

摘　　要：对我国现有竹笑鱼（Trachurus murphyi）中层拖网1 040 m×253.02 m（149.4 m）、1 248 m×285.00 m（160.2 m）、1440 m×361.00 m（228.6 m）、1440 m×352.30 m（242.4 m）和1 632 m×444.00 m（277.4 m）进行水槽模型试验,采用现有网具阻力推算的基本公式R=SV2/（A＋BV）和R=k（d/a） LCVn得到我国现有竹笑鱼中层拖网阻力估算公式Ra=SV2/（25.12 ＋2.26V）和Rb=0.021 8 （d/a） LCV1.708,使用成对双样本均值分析t检验法对两种公式的计算结果进行差异性分析,并用1 632 m×444.00 m（277.4 m）海上实测阻力进行验证比较.结果表明：（1）在最小拖速4.0 kn和最大拖速6.0 kn时,两种公式计算的各网阻力最小值和最大值差异均不显著（P＞0.05）.（2）海上实测拖速在4.5～6.0 kn时,式Ra=SV/（25.12 ＋2.26V）的计算值较接近1632型拖网海上实测值,但还需要进一步开展必要的海上实船补充测试,并提高数据的准确性,以验证结果的精度.Mid-water trawl is an efficient fishing gear for fishing Chilean jack mackerel （Trachurus murphyi） in southeast Pacific using single boat technique.Fishery assessment of recent years have indicated that Chilean jack mackerel resources have been declining,and fishing grounds are hard to find.In this case,the operating characteristics of mid-water trawls need to be clarified to improve fishing efficiency by target fishing and tracking fishing,meanwhile,the mid-water trawls also need to be improved to meet needs of actual production.But there are few papers on designing mid-water trawls in China.Calculating resistance is an important verification step in mid-water trawl designing,this paper compared the reliability of resistance formula used in Chilean jack mackerel mid-water trawl designing to provide a reference for improvements and design our own trawls in the future.The 1 040 m × 253.02 m（149.4 m）,1 248 m × 285.00 m（160.2 m）,1 440 m ×361.00 m（228.6 m）,1 440 m ×352.30 m（242.4 m）and 1 632 m ×444.00 m（277.4 m） midwater trawls,widely used for Chilean jack mackerel fishing in southeast Pacific,were selected for target net in model experiment.Based on performances of 5 mid-water trawl models and the basic formula R =SV2/（A ＋ BV） and R =k（d/a）LCn,resistance formulae of these nets were drawn out：Ra =SV2/ （25.12 ＋ 2.26V） and Rb =0.0218（d/a）LCV1.708.Analyzing these formulae and data on field experiment of 1 632 m ×444.00 m（277.4 m）,results were as follows：（1）Analyzing the correlation of two formulas by t-test,the minimum and maximum values of each trawl resistance were not significantly different （P ＞ 0.05） on the condition of 4.0kn and 6.0 kn; （2） On the condition of 4.5-6.0 kn,results ofRa =SV2/ （25.12 ＋2.26V） were most approximate to the resistance of 1 632 trawl on field experiment.Taking an overall look of field experiment,further field experiments should be done in the future to improve the accuracy of data and verify the accuracy of resul

关 键 词：竹荚鱼 中层拖网 模型试验 海上实测 阻力公式 

分 类 号：S972.1[农业科学—捕捞与储运]