英语专业四级口语考试对学习的反拨效应  

Washback effect of TEM4-Oral on English learning

作　　者：王海贞[1] 王永双[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学外国语学院,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《外语测试与教学》2014年第2期32-41,共10页Foreign Language Testing and Teaching

基　　金：2012年度教育部人文社会科学研究基金项目资助(12YJC740101)

摘　　要：反拨效应指语言测试对教学和学生两个层面的影响,但是目前国内研究缺乏对考试主体即考生的研究。本文采用问卷调查、课堂观察和访谈工具,探讨了全国英语专业四级口试对口语学习的影响。研究结果表明:(1)口试对英语学习的正面反拨效应大于其负面;(2)口试对学习过程有影响,按照影响程度的大小依次是学习内容、学习深度、学习方法、学习速度、学习顺序和学习程度;(3)口试对学习结果有影响,其中对语言的逻辑性、流利性、交互性、策略性、准确性和得体性影响较大;(4)口试对不同水平的学生产生不同的反拨效应,高分组学生更积极主动,能够通过考试诊断口语学习中的问题并总结口语学习的方法与策略。Washback refers to the effect of language tests on levels of language teaching and learning. However, an overview of literature has shown a scarcity of empirical evidence from learner-as-examinees in the Chinese context. This paper studies the washback effect of TEM4-Oral （ National Test for English Majors Band 4 Oral Test） on English learning. Data were collected from 138 English majors through a triangulation of questionnaire, classroom observation and interview. Quantitative and qualitative data analyses have yielded the following findings. First, TEM4 Oral Test has imposed a more positive effect than a negative one on English learning. Second, the washback effect has covered all aspects of learning, including what learners learn, how learners learn, the rate and sequence of learning, and the degree and depth of learning. Third, what the learners did in the process has in turn affected their learning products, language coherence, fluency, communicativeness, strategies, accuracy and appropriateness included. Fourth, differ- ent amounts and types of washback effect have been found on high-scorers and low-scorers, with high-scorers being more willing to take the initiative by diagnosing their learning problems and deducing useful techniques and strategies for their oral English improvement.

关 键 词：反拨效应 全国英语专业四级口试 口语学习 考生 

分 类 号：H319[语言文字—英语]