逆流运动及葵花籽油替代鱼油对吉富罗非鱼生长和体成分的影响  

Effect of upstream exercise and replacement of dietary fish oil by sunflower seed oil on growth and body composition of GIFT Oreochromis niloticus

作　　者：穆小平[1] 林小涛[1] 朱志明[1] 许忠能[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学水生生物研究所、热带亚热带水生态工程教育部工程研究中心,广东广州510630

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2014年第2期27-35,共9页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：广东省科技计划项目(2012 B020307002);广州市科技计划项目(2010Z1-E401);广东省海洋渔业科技推广专项项目(A201001H05)

摘　　要：选取初始体质量(73.81±9.02)g的雄性吉富罗非鱼(GIFT Oreochromis niloticus),分别投喂含100%鱼油(A)、50%葵花籽油+50%鱼油(B)和100%葵花籽油(C)的饲料,每种饲料设置2个流速运动水平(0 BL·s-1、1.5 BL·s-1)(BL,体长),共6个试验组合(0A、1.5A、0B、1.5B、0C、1.5C),饲养42 d后测定试验鱼生长和体成分变化。结果显示各组合吉富罗非鱼的成活率没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。1.5B组合的特定生长率(4.96±0.02)%·d-1显著高于其他各组合(P<0.05)。逆流运动后红肌和白肌蛋白质含量分别最高增加10.25%和7.74%(P<0.05)。逆流运动对全鱼和肌肉多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)含量没有显著影响(P>0.05),但饲料B组和C组鱼体红肌PUFA含量显著高于A组(P<0.05),而B组和C组之间则没有显著差异(P>0.05)。研究结果表明,葵花籽油替代鱼油对吉富罗非鱼的生长和体成分没有显著影响,而逆流运动能够显著提高肌肉蛋白质含量。A 42-d experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of upstream exercise and replacement of dietary fish oil by sun- flower seed oil on the growth and body composition of GIFT Oreochromis niloticus. Three diets which contained 100% fish seed oil （A）, 50% fish seed oil ＋ 50% sunflower seed oil （B） and 100% sunflower seed oil （C） as well as two exercise intensity levels （0 BL＇s-1 and 1.5 BL-s-1 ） were designed, so there were totally six treatment groups （0A, 1.5A, OB, 1.5B, 0C, 1.5C） and three replicates in every treatment group. The results show that there was no significant difference （ P 〉 0. 05 ） in survival rate among differ- ent groups. The highest specific growth rate was （4. 96 ± 0. 02）%-d-1 in Group 1.5B, significantly higher than that in the other groups（ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Upstream exercise significantly improved the crude protein level in tilapia＇s muscles （ P 〈 0.05 ） , with the highest increases of 10. 25% and 7. 74% in red and white muscles, respectively. Upstream exercise had no significant effect on polyunsaturat- ed fatty acids （PUFA） in muscles and whole fish （ P 〉 0.05 ）. The red muscles＇ PUFA in Group B and Group C was significantly higher than that in Group A （ P 〈 0.05 ） , and no significant difference was found between Group B and Group C. Therefore, sunflower seed oil could partly or completely replace fish oil in diet with no significantly effect on the growth and body composition of GIFT0. niloticus, but upstream exercises significantly improved its muscles＇ protein contents.

关 键 词：吉富罗非鱼 逆流运动 葵花籽油 鱼油 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：Q493.5[生物学—生理学]