海产品中重金属铅、汞、镉、铬对人体健康的潜在风险评价  

Potential health risk of lead,mercury,cadmium and chromium in seafoods

作　　者：高志杰[1] 汪娌娜[1] 姚浔平[2] 王海滨[1] 郑海波[1] 江军[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波市海曙区疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315012 [2]宁波市疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315010

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2014年第7期1019-1021,1025,共4页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：宁波市海曙区2012年度发展研究课题计划(2012301-8)

摘　　要：目的了解市售海产品中重金属铅、汞、镉、铬的含量水平,评价食用海产品对人体健康的潜在风险。方法在市区范围内采集具有代表性、典型性的产品,共11个品种285份,按照GB5009.12-2010和GB/T5009.17、15、123-2003进行检测。采用现况调查法,掌握居民海产品食用情况。并运用危害商数(THQs)评价食用海产品对人体健康的潜在风险。结果 285份样品中铅、汞、镉、铬检出率分别为93.3%、98.9%、98.2%、97.2%,超标率分别为2.8%、0%、15.4%、0.4%。铅、汞、镉、铬的含量范围分别为0 mg/kg^2.0 mg/kg、0 mg/kg^0.35 mg/kg、0 mg/kg^6.8 mg/kg、0 mg/kg^5.8 mg/kg。所测定的危害商数均<1。结论海产品重金属的污染情况不容乐观,部分品种海产品重金属超标且含量较高,应引起高度重视。但铅、汞、镉、铬的危害商数说明市售的海产品中这几种重金属对人体健康不具有潜在风险。Objective To understand the levels of lead,mercury,cadmium and chromium in seafoods from Ningbo and to evaluate the potential risk to human health. Methods Two hundred and eighty-five representative and typical samples including 11 species were collected in Ningbo for detection of heavy metals contents according to GB 5009. 12-2010 and GB / T 5009. 17, 15,123-2003. The seafood consumption situation of residents was acquired by on-spot investigation,and the potential health risk was evaluated on the basis of target hazard quotients（ THQs）. Results The detection rates of lead,mercury,cadmium and chromium were 93. 3%,98. 9%,98. 2% and 97. 2%,respectively,while the over-limit rates were 2. 8%,0%,15. 4% and 0. 4%,respectively. The contents of lead,mercury,cadmium and chromium in 285 samples were 0 mg / kg - 2. 0 mg / kg, 0 mg / kg - 0. 35 mg / kg,0 mg / kg - 6. 8 mg / kg,0 mg / kg - 5. 8 mg / kg,respectively. The THQ values of lead,mercury,cadmium,chromium were all less than 1. Conclusion The sanitary quality of seafoods was not optimistic in Ningbo,the contents of heavy metals were higher in part of the seafoods,exceeding the national standard,needing high attention. However,the THQ values of lead,mercury,cadmium and chromium indicated there was no health risk of the four hevey metals in seafoods from the markets of Ningbo.

关 键 词：海产品 重金属 健康风险评价 危害商数 

分 类 号：TS207.51[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]