汽车车身部件气动噪声贡献量数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation Study of Automobile Components Aerodynamic Noise Contributions

作　　者：刘龙贵[1] 谷正气[1,2] 张勇[1] 尹小放 林肖辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南工业大学机械工程学院,株洲412007 [2]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,长沙410012

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2014年第10期89-94,共6页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：2012年度湖南省高等学校科学研究项目(12C0064);湖南省"十二五"重点学科(机械工程);湖南工业大学研究生创新项目(CX1216)资助

摘　　要：利用大涡模拟(LES)对某典型车型瞬态流场进行仿真计算,应用Lighthill-curle声类比理论,采用宽带噪声源模型(BNS)及FW-H方程,对汽车车身部件气动噪声进行数值模拟研究。分析了车身各板块及凸出部件附近气流的分离情况及外场声压级大小,对比了有、无部件时车外声场的差异;并确定了车身各部件气动噪声的贡献量。通过气动噪声贡献量的对比发现,汽车各部件中近场总声压级贡献量相对较大的为底盘和车轮、天线和雨刮器相对较小;远场声压级贡献量中,车身和底盘相对其他部件较大,天线相对较小;且车外远场点声压级的大小和各部件辐射噪声的强度以及其辐射面积正相关;车身板块中贡献量相对较大的为侧围和轮腔,较小的为前挡风玻璃。The transient exterior flow field of a typical actual automobile is computed by large eddy simulation, and then based on LighthillCurler acoustic theory, a numerical simulation analysis on aerodynamic noise of automo bile parts is conducted by using broadband noise source model and FWH equation. The condition of airflow sepa ration and sound pressure level of the automobile＇ s structures and the vicinity of bulge parts are analyzed, also the differences of sound field of car with or without parts are contrasted, and the aerodynamic noise contributions of the automobile parts are determined. Through contrasting the aerodynamic noise contributions of the automobile parts, the chassis and wheels are relatively large of the nearfield sound pressure level, and the antenna and wiper are rel atively small. With respect to the farfield sound pressure level, the car body and chassis is relatively large, howev er, the wiper is relatively small. Moreover, the sound pressure level of far field is positive correlation with the strength of components noise and radiation area. The contributions of every vehicle plate, the automobile side frame and wheel cavity is relatively large, then the windscreen is relatively small.

关 键 词：气动声学 贡献量 大涡模拟(LES) 声类比 宽带噪声源模型 FW-H方程 

分 类 号：U461.1[机械工程—车辆工程]