人与兽间徘徊:中岛敦的小说与二战期间日本人的生存境遇  

Hovering between Human and Beast : Zhong Dao Dun's Novel and the Survival Circumstances of Japanese during World War Ⅱ

作　　者：白玉兰[1] 

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学,南昌330000

出　　处：《电子科技大学学报（社科版）》2014年第2期109-112,共4页Journal of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"日本战后雅俗文学流变研究"(07BWW007)

摘　　要：中岛敦的小说看似与现实不相粘连,却始终没有脱离二战期间日本人的生存境遇。他早期的作品对日本人极度膨胀的争夺欲望充满了忧虑,在借鉴欧美现代派文学的基础上深刻地批判了争夺欲的膨胀对人性的异化和戕害,并在一种近乎绝望的状态中探索日本民族的精神出路。终于在其绝笔之作《名人传》中,中岛敦提出了"不射之射"的事功观,认为此种哲学(人生境界)必然会给日本带来淳朴和谐的社会环境。中岛敦的小说不仅是对于个体生命价值形而上的探索,也是对二战期间日本民族精神病症深刻的审视,并通过改编中国道家故事对日本军国主义进行了含蓄的批评,告诫他们真正的强大不是通过竞争、征战和杀戮来获得的,而是和平、无为中抵达的。It seems that Zhong Dao Dun’s novel has no connection with the reality. However, it never gets away from survival circumstances of Japanese during World War II from beginning to the end. His early works reveals that he quite worries extreme expansion of the Japanese’s scramble desire. He deeply criticizes alienation and massacre caused by the expansion of scramble desire based on borrowing from the Europe and the United States modernist literature, and explores a spiritual way-out of the Japanese nation in the condition of nearly despair. Finally, Zhong Dao Dun puts forward the view of the honorable rewards of industrious endeavors for the nation, the shooting of not shooting and views that the philosophy （realm of life） will definitely bring Japanese with an unsophisticated and harmonious environment in his last masterpiece, Celebrity Biography. Zhong Dao Dun’s novel is not only a metaphysical exploration for the individual life value, but also a examine of Japan national spirit during World War II.It passes pair of China Taoist story tells the Japanese people that the real strong is not arrived by compete and war, but peace and non-action.

关 键 词：中岛敦 二战期间 生存境遇 

分 类 号：I046[文学—文学理论]