基于ANSYS/DYNA软件的高速车轮通过道岔的轮轨动力研究  

ANSYS/DYNA-based Study on Wheel-rail Dynamics of High-speed Wheel-turnout System

作　　者：闻方宇 任尊松[1] 孙守光[1] 李玉怡 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学机电学院,北京100044 [2]铁道第三勘察设计院集团有限公司机械环工处,天津300142

出　　处：《铁道学报》2014年第3期14-18,共5页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51175032;U1134201);铁道部科技研究开发计划(2012J009-A)

摘　　要：基于采用ANSYS-DYNA软件所建立的LMA型踏面标准车轮和38号高速道岔辙叉区的三维有限元模型,研究车轮直向、逆向通过辙叉区时的轮岔接触状态和轮轨动力特性。通过所获得的车轮质心高度、接触斑位置和面积以及轮轨横向、垂向接触力的动态变化特征,分析车轮不同横移量对轮岔接触的影响。研究结果表明,车轮通过辙叉区时必然发生两点接触,且存在轮轨力转移过程;可动心轨式辙叉可消除可能引起车辆脱轨的道岔的"有害空间",并明显改善车辆过岔性能,但叉心区走行轨线的不连续仍将引起车轮和道岔的振动;轮对横移量对轮-岔的接触状态和振动有一定影响。With the help of Software ANSYS-DYNA,the FEM spatial model of the wheel with the LMA tread profile and point rails of No.38 high-speed turnout frog was established.The wheel-turnout contact states and dynamic characteristics were studied corresponding to forward and backward movements of wheels passing frogs.The influence of different lateral wheel displacements on wheel-rail contacts was investigated by analysis on the wheel center height,contact position and area and dynamic changes of vertical and lateral wheel-rail con-tact forces.The results show as follows：When a train passes turnouts,contacts definitely occurs at two point and wheel-rail forces are subj ected to a transfer process;compared with a fixed-frog turnout,a movable-frog turnout avoids the harmful space of the turnout which may cause derailing and significantly improves the turn-out passing performance,however the discontinuous running tracks of wheel-rail contacts will lead to vibrations of wheels and turnouts;the lateral displacements of wheel sets impose some effects on wheel-rail contacts and vibrations.

关 键 词：高速道岔 有限元模型 轮轨接触 车轮横移 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]