青少年的学校适应问题:家庭亲密度、家庭道德情绪和责任感的作用  

Adolescent School Maladjustment: The Role of Family Cohesion and Family-Based Moral Emotion and Responsibility

作　　者：刘世宏[1] 李丹[1] 刘晓洁[1] 陈欣银[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海师范大学心理学系,上海200234 [2]美国宾夕法尼亚大学教育研究生院,费城pa19104

出　　处：《心理科学》2014年第3期617-624,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目(12BSH056);教育部人文社科规划基金一般项目(08JAXLX012);上海师范大学校级重点学科项目的资助

摘　　要：随机选取某市三所普通中小学4、6、8、10年级755名青少年为被试,使用自评和他评问卷探讨家庭亲密度、家庭道德情绪和责任感与青少年学校适应之间的关系。结果显示:(1)青少年家庭亲密度、责任感与学校适应问题存在性别差异,女生家庭亲密度和责任感高于男生,外化和学业问题少于男生;家庭亲密度、道德情绪和责任感随年龄增长呈下降趋势;(2)家庭亲密度正向预测道德情绪和责任感,直接和间接负向预测青少年学校适应问题。(3)责任感负向预测学校适应问题,并在家庭亲密度和学校适应问题之间起部分中介作用;结构方程模型各指标的拟合效果较好。家庭亲密度、责任感是学校适应问题的良好预测指标。Research has shown that moral emotion are related to adolescents＇ school adjustment and problems. However, it is unclear how the family plays a role in affecting adolescent family - based moral emotion and responsibility, which in turn influence school ad- justment. This study examined age and gender differences in moral emotion and responsibility based on family moral events, and, more importantly, how family cohesion, family -based moral emotion and responsibility were related to adolescent school adjustment inclu- ding externalizing behaviors and academic problems. The participants included 755 adolescents in the 4th - , 6th - , 8th - and 10th grades from 3 schools in Shanghai. The children were asked to complete questionnaires concerning moral emotion and responsibilities based on family moral events （ adapted from Brown et al. , 2008 ）. They also reported on family cohesion using the revised FES - CV （ Zou et al. , 1991 ）. Teachers were asked to rate the school - related externalizing behaviors and academic problems for each participant using the teacher- child rating scale （adapted from Hightower et al. , 1986）. The multivariate analysis yielded the following results. There were significant effects for age, F（ 15, 2051 ） = 12.89, Wilk＇s λ = . 92, p 〈. 001, r/2 =. 08 ; for gender, F（5,743 ） = 5.11, Wilk＇s λ=. 90, p 〈. 001,7/2 =. 03 ; for Age x Gender interaction, F（ 15, 2051 ） = 1.86. ,Wiik＇s λ =. 96 ,p 〈. 05 ,η2 =. 01. Gifts had significantly higher scores than boys on family -based responsibility and cohesion. Boys displayed more externalizing behaviors and academic difficulties than gifts. Grade 4 seemed to be an important time in adolescent development of school adjustment. Boys at grade 4 had more school problems than gifts. Regression analysis showed that family cohesion positively predicted family - based responsibility （β =. 09 ,SE = . 018 ,p 〈. 01 ） , and family - based moral emotion （β =. 10 ,SE = . 02 ,p 〈, 01 ）. Family - based responsibili

关 键 词：学校适应问题 家庭亲密度 家庭道德情绪家庭责任感 青少年 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]