基于FPGA的超声三维坐标测量系统  

A Three-dimensional Coordinate Measurement Using Ultrasonic Sensors Based on FPGA

作　　者：单良[1] 赵军[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国计量学院信息工程学院,浙江杭州310018 [2]中国计量学院计量测试工程学院,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《计测技术》2014年第2期14-17,共4页Metrology & Measurement Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51375467)

摘　　要：提出基于超声波测距的三维坐标测量方法,利用FPGA实现超声波测距系统电路,设计并行四个通道信号处理系统,获得超声发射端到四个超声接收端的距离,并利用最小二乘法实现发射端空间位置的准确估计。对基于超声波测距的三维坐标测量系统进行实验研究,实验结果表明采用峰值测距和最小二乘三维定位算法可有效实现三维坐标测量,坐标的绝对误差在30 mm以内。A three-dimensional coordinate measurement was proposed based on ultrasonic ranging and the system was built based on FPGA. The distances between a transmitter and four receivers were calculated by parallel processing. Then,the three-dimensional coordinate of the transmitter can be calculated by constructing a model of least square method. The experimental results indicated that ultrasonic distance measurement and least square localization algorithm can be used to estimate three-dimensional coordinate effectively and the absolute errors of the coordinate estimation were less than 30 mm.

关 键 词：超声测距 三维坐标测量 峰值法 最小二乘 FPGA 

分 类 号：TP274.53[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TB921[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]