不同保鲜运输方式对荔枝果实品质的影响  

Effects of different fresh-keeping transportation modes on quality of litchi fruit

作　　者：杨松夏[1,2] 吕恩利[1,2] 陆华忠[1,2] 曾志雄[1,2] 唐本源[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学南方农业机械与装备关键技术教育部重点实验室,广州510642 [2]华南农业大学工程学院,广州510642

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2014年第10期225-232,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAD19B01);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-33-13)

摘　　要：为掌握不同保鲜运输方式对荔枝果实品质的影响,该文以＂妃子笑＂荔枝果实为试验材料,采用果蔬保鲜运输试验平台对泡沫箱加冰、冷藏和气调3种运输方式进行了试验,分析不同运输方式对荔枝果实主要品质指标的影响。结果表明：荔枝果实运输时间在1 d内,泡沫箱加冰、冷藏和气调3种保鲜运输方式的荔枝果实品质无显著性差异（p〉0.05）;随着运输时间的延长,冷藏和气调2种保鲜运输方式可有效延缓荔枝果实品质的下降;运输4 d后,与泡沫箱加冰和冷藏运输方式相比,气调运输方式可以显著（p〈0.05）抑制荔枝果肉硬度、可溶性固形物含量、果皮相对电导率、货架期品质等指标的下降;就保持荔枝运输中果实品质而言,1 d内的荔枝运输可以选择以上3种保鲜运输方式中的任何1种,2-4 d的荔枝运输可以选择冷藏运输或气调运输,4 d以上的荔枝运输选择气调运输方式为宜。该研究结果可为荔枝果实保鲜运输方式选择提供参考。Litchi is special fruit in China. It is important and difficult to keep fresh for litchi during transportation after harvest because it matures in hot seasons and will deteriorate rapidly while stored and transported in normal atmospheric temperature. Foam box with ice, refrigeration, and controlled atmosphere are three main fresh-keeping transportation modes for litchi at present. In order to obtain the effects of different fresh-keeping transportation modes on the quality of litchi fruit, the experiments of these three fresh-keeping transportation modes for ＂Feizixiao＂ litchi were carried out based on fresh-keeping transportation platform for fruits and vegetables. The developed fresh-keeping transportation platform can adjust temperature, relative humidity and oxygen volume fraction automatically and intelligently according to initial parameters setting and real time feedback from container to create a suitable fresh-keeping environment for litchi. The main processing of the three experiments is conducted as follows. For the experiment of ice-added transportation in foam box, litchi was packaged with polyethylene bags and then put into foam boxes with appropriate crushed ice（mass proportion of ice to fruit was about 0.30） to maintain low temperature. While for the refrigerated transportation experiment, litchi was packaged with perforated polyethylene bags（aperture ratio was 5%） and then put into plastic baskets, keeping the container environment temperature of 3-5℃ and relative humidity of 90%-95%. The package type of the controlled atmosphere transportation experiment was the same as that of the refrigerated transportation experiment and the two experiments were at the same temperature and relative humidity in container, but the oxygen volume fraction should be set to 3%-5%. On this basis, the foam boxes or plastic baskets with packaged litchi were fixed on the vibration device workbench located in the container of fresh-keeping transportation platform, and set the vibration acceleration of 0.2

关 键 词：果实 冷藏 运输 荔枝 保鲜 品质 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学] S229.1[农业科学—园艺学]