列维-斯特劳斯与意识形态批评——以《聊斋志异·乐仲》为案例的分析  

Claude Lévi-Strauss and Ideological Criticism ——A Case Study of Yue Zhong( 乐仲) in Liao Zhai Zhi Yi( 聊斋志异)

作　　者：陈然兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学文学院,西安710069

出　　处：《南阳师范学院学报》2014年第4期43-48,65,共7页Journal of Nanyang Normal University

基　　金：陕西省教育厅项目(11JK0254);陕西省社会科学基金项目(11K012)

摘　　要：在列维-斯特劳斯的神话结构分析方法中存在着一条通往意识形态批评的路径。这条路径的开辟需要将结构主义分析中的逻辑张力解读为特定社会意识形态内部的矛盾,从而把结构无意识转化为意识形态斗争所造成的压抑的结果。运用这一方法解读《聊斋志异·乐仲》,可以看到,在该文本的深层结构中包含着肯定欲望与否定欲望、肯定母子血亲与肯定父子血亲两组矛盾,这两组矛盾之间存在着既是矛盾的又是可置换的关系。小说从佛教禁欲思想出发对欲望的否定在这里表现为对母子血亲关系的削弱和对父子血亲关系之权威性的巩固,它可以解读为是作者对封建伦理矛盾的一种无意识的和想象性的调和。In Lévi-Strauss＇ s structural study of myth,there exists a path to ideological criticism,which considers the logical tension of structuralistic analysis as contradictions within the ideology of a particular era and regards the structural unconsciousness as the result of inhibition caused by ideological struggle. Using this theory to read Yue Zhong（ 乐仲） in Liao Zhai Zhi Yi（ 聊斋志异）,we could find two groups of contradictions,namely,the one between affirming the value of sexuality and denying the value of sexuality,and the other between affirming the value of father-son relationship and affirming the value of mother-son relationship. Moreover,the two groups of contradictions oppose each other and could also replace each other. It is found that the fiction of Yue Zhong（ 乐仲） denying the value of sexuality on the basis of Buddhist asceticism could be illustrated by the weakening of the validity of mother-son relationship and the strengthening of the validity of father-son relationship,which represents an attempt by the author to solve the feudal ethical contradictions unconsciously and imaginatively.

关 键 词：列维-斯特劳斯 结构无意识 意识形态 《聊斋志异》 

分 类 号：I06[文学—文学理论]