amiRNA技术及其在食用作物遗传改良中的应用  

amiRNA technology and its applications in alimentary crop genetic improvement

作　　者：杨延[1] 刘迪秋[1] 葛锋[1] 陈朝银[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学生命科学与技术学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2014年第12期388-392,397,共6页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(31060044;31260070)

摘　　要：内源miRNAs(microRNAs)是负调控真核生物基因表达的关键因子。amiRNAs(artificial microRNAs)是模拟内源miRNA的生成途径人工合成的miRNA,它能高效抑制靶基因的表达。运用amiRNA技术调控基因表达在调控精确性、效率、遗传稳定性及生物安全性等多方面具有显著优势。本文就amiRNA技术的原理、优势以及该技术在食用作物品质改良及营养改善、雄性不育系培育、抗病毒和抗逆作物培育中的应用进行了综述。Endogenous miRNAs（microRNAs） are key factors which negatively regulate gene expression in eukaryotes, amiRNAs （artificial miRNAs） are the artificial miRNAs which are synthesized by simulating the synthesis pathway of endogenous miRNAs, amiRNAs can effectively inhibit the expression of target genes. Application of amiRNA technology in the regulation of gene expression has significant advantages in accuracy, efficiency, genetic stability and biology security. In this review,the principle and advantages of amiRNA technique, and the applications in alimentary crop quality improvement ,nutrition improvement ,male sterile lines breeding, anti-viral and anti-adversity crop breeding were summarized.

关 键 词：amiRNA 食用作物 基因沉默 遗传改良 应用 

分 类 号：TS201.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]