Chloroquine potentiates the anti-cancer effect of lidamycin on non-small cell lung cancer cells in vitro  

作　　者：Fang LIU Yue SHANG Shu-zhen CHEN 

机构地区：[1]Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China

出　　处：《Acta Pharmacologica Sinica》2014年第5期645-652,共8页中国药理学报（英文版）

基　　金：This investigation received support from the National Natural Science foundation of China （No 81072664 and 81373437） and the National Science and Technology Major Project of China （Grant No 2012ZX09301002-001-022-01）.Shu-zhen CHEN designed the study and edited the paper; Fang LIU performed the research, analyzed the data and wrote the paper; and Yue SHANG performed the mouse experiments.

摘　　要：Aim： To assess the synergistic actions of lidamycin （LDM） and chloroquine （CQ）, a lysosomal enzyme inhibitor, in human non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） cells, and to elucidate the potential mechanisms. Methods： Human NSCLC cell lines A549 and H460 were treated with CQ and/or LDM. Cell proliferation was analyzed using MTI- assay and apoptosis was quantified using flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to detect the protein levels of caspase 3, PARP, Bcl-2, Bax, p53, LC3-1 and LC3-11. A H460 cell xenograft model in BALB/c nude mice was used to evaluate the anticancer efficacy of CQ and LDM in vivo. Results： Both LDM and CQ concentration-dependently suppressed the proliferation of A549 and H460 ceils in vitro （the ICso values of LDM were 1.70±0.75 and 0.043±0.026 nmol/L, respectively, while the IC50 values of CQ were 71.3±6.1 and 55.6±12.5 pmol/L, respectively）. CQ sensitized both NSCLC cell lines to LDM, and the majority of the coefficients of drug interaction （CDIs） for combination-doses were less than 1. The ratio of apoptosis of H460 cells induced by a combined treatment of CQ and LDM （77.0%±5.2%） was significantly higher than those caused by CQ （23.1%±4.2%） or by LDM （65.1%±4.1%） alone. Furthermore, the combined treatment markedly increased the cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase 3 in H460 cells, which were partly reversed by pretreatment with the caspase inhibitor zVAD.fmk, zVAD.fmk also partially reversed the inhibitory effect of the combination treatment on the proliferation of H460 cells. The combination therapy group had a notable increase in expression of Bax and a very slight decrease in expression of Bcl-2 and p53 protein. LDM alone scarcely affected the level of LC3-11 in H460 cells, but slightly reduced CQ-induced LC3-11 expression. 3-MA, an autophagy inhibitor also sensitized H460 cells to LDM. In nude mice bearing H460 cell xenograft, administration of LDM （25 pg/kg, iv） and CQ （60 mg/kg, ip） suppressed tumor growth by 57.14% and 73.02%, respectAim： To assess the synergistic actions of lidamycin （LDM） and chloroquine （CQ）, a lysosomal enzyme inhibitor, in human non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） cells, and to elucidate the potential mechanisms. Methods： Human NSCLC cell lines A549 and H460 were treated with CQ and/or LDM. Cell proliferation was analyzed using MTI- assay and apoptosis was quantified using flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to detect the protein levels of caspase 3, PARP, Bcl-2, Bax, p53, LC3-1 and LC3-11. A H460 cell xenograft model in BALB/c nude mice was used to evaluate the anticancer efficacy of CQ and LDM in vivo. Results： Both LDM and CQ concentration-dependently suppressed the proliferation of A549 and H460 ceils in vitro （the ICso values of LDM were 1.70±0.75 and 0.043±0.026 nmol/L, respectively, while the IC50 values of CQ were 71.3±6.1 and 55.6±12.5 pmol/L, respectively）. CQ sensitized both NSCLC cell lines to LDM, and the majority of the coefficients of drug interaction （CDIs） for combination-doses were less than 1. The ratio of apoptosis of H460 cells induced by a combined treatment of CQ and LDM （77.0%±5.2%） was significantly higher than those caused by CQ （23.1%±4.2%） or by LDM （65.1%±4.1%） alone. Furthermore, the combined treatment markedly increased the cleaved PARP and cleaved caspase 3 in H460 cells, which were partly reversed by pretreatment with the caspase inhibitor zVAD.fmk, zVAD.fmk also partially reversed the inhibitory effect of the combination treatment on the proliferation of H460 cells. The combination therapy group had a notable increase in expression of Bax and a very slight decrease in expression of Bcl-2 and p53 protein. LDM alone scarcely affected the level of LC3-11 in H460 cells, but slightly reduced CQ-induced LC3-11 expression. 3-MA, an autophagy inhibitor also sensitized H460 cells to LDM. In nude mice bearing H460 cell xenograft, administration of LDM （25 pg/kg, iv） and CQ （60 mg/kg, ip） suppressed tumor growth by 57.14% and 73.02%, respect

关 键 词：lung cancer anticancer drug LIDAMYCIN CHLOROQUINE drug interaction synergism APOPTOSIS AUTOPHAGY 

分 类 号：Q782[生物学—分子生物学] TQ658[化学工程—精细化工]