墨翟兼爱互利、尚同尚贤、节用节葬的社会政治观  

Mo Zi's Political Thoughts:Universal Loving and Multilateral Benefiting,Agreement with the Superior and Veneration for Gentlemen,Thrift and Simplicity in Funerals

作　　者：徐大同[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学

出　　处：《政治思想史》2014年第1期1-9,197,共9页Journal of the History of Political Thought

摘　　要：墨翟所创之墨学在春秋战国时与儒学并称显学。但与儒学不同,墨子的思想主要反映了劳动人们的利益和愿望。他认为自利而不相爱是社会无序、人民痛苦的根源,进而提出了"兼相爱,交相利"的救世之道。在国家观上,他认为没有强有力的国家就无法做到兼爱互利、实现众利,因而主张尚同尚贤,即建立中央集权君主专制的国家制度,并选贤任能。他认识到统治者是否节俭的政治意义,从小生产者的利益和愿望出发,批判统治者奢侈无度的行为和儒家厚葬久丧的思想,主张节用节葬。Mohism as well as Confucianism is a distinguished school in the Spring-Autumn and Warring States Periods.But Mozi's thought mainly reflects interests and desires of the labor people.He thinks that selfish is the root of social disorder and pain.He puts forward'universal loving and multilateral benefiting'as a solution.He also contends to build the political centralized monarchy and appoint the good men and able men to office.From the interests and wishes of the producer,Mo Zi critiques the ruler's profligate behavior and Confucian viewpoint of luxuriant burial and long funeral.His standpoint is thrift and simplicity in funerals.

关 键 词：墨子 兼爱互利 尚同尚贤 节用节葬 政治观 

分 类 号：B224[哲学宗教—中国哲学]