小麦显性矮源对株粒重及产量构成因素的影响  

The Effect of Dominant Dwarfing Gene on Grain Weight per Plant and Yield Components in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)

作　　者：阮仁武[1] 傅大雄[1] 戴秀梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南农业大学农学系,重庆400716

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2001年第3期9-12,共4页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：重庆市农作物育种攻关及小麦种子工程资助项目 (9710 4)

摘　　要：利用 8个普通小麦品种与 5个不同显性矮源进行回交产生的 8套近等基因系 ,进行了株粒重及产量构成因素的研究 ,结果表明 ,显性矮源对有效穗数没有显著影响 ,对株粒重、穗粒数和千粒重都有显著的降低作用 ,降幅最小的是具有奥尔森矮源的近等基因系 ,分别降低 19.6%、2 6.9%和 10 .5 % ;降幅最大的是具有矮变 1号矮源的近等基因系 ,分别降低 68.9%、66.7%和 2 4.7%。携带 Rht10基因的西农 0 2和矮变 1号矮源转育的近等基因系之间的株粒重、穗粒数和千粒重的差异都显著或极显著 ,说明它们对普通小麦品种的影响不一致。具有显性矮源的近等基因系株粒重偏低的主要原因是穗粒数减少和千粒重降低。具有显性矮源近等基因系的株粒重与株高的回归分析表明 ,适当提高显性矮源的株高可以提高株粒重。The eight series near isogenic lines from 8 common wheat varieties backcrossing to 5 dominant dwarfing sources were studied about grain weight per plant and yield components, the results showed that the dominant dwarfing source could not affect significantly the effective spikes per plant, but reduced significantly the grain weight per plant, kernel numbers per spike and 1000 kernel weight. The reduction of these characters in near isogenic lines with Oleson dwarfing source was the least one, and the reduction was 19.6%, 26.9% and 10.5% respectively. The reduction of these characters in near isogenic lines with Aibian dwarfing source was the most one, and the reduction was 68.9%, 66.7% and 24.7% respectively. The variation of the near isogenic lines of dominant dwarfing source between the Xinong 02 with Rht10 gene and Aibian were all significant at 5% or 1% level in grain weight per plant, kernel numbers per spike and 1000 kernel weight, which showed that their influences to common wheat were not similar .The main reason of low grain weight per plant in the dominant dwarfing sources was the decrease of the kernel numbers per spike and the 1000-kernel weight .The regression analysis of the grain weight per plant and plant height showed that the raising plant height could increase grain weight per plant .

关 键 词：显性矮源 近等基因系 株粒重 产量构成 小麦 矮化育种 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]