奶牛初乳中常量成分和矿物元素的测定  

Determination of Conventional Components and Minerals in Bovine Colostrum

作　　者：陆东林[1] 张丹凤[1] 荆文清[1] 王建梅[1] 王祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]乌鲁木齐奶业研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2001年第6期299-301,共3页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：采集 4 6头荷斯坦奶牛分娩后 2h以内、2 4h、4 8h、72h、96h、1 2 0h的初乳和分娩后 1 5d以后的常乳 ,测定其常量成分和部分矿物元素含量。结果表明 ,除乳糖以外初乳中各项指标均显著高于常乳。分娩后第 1次 ( 2h以内 )所挤初乳 ,其蛋白质、脂肪、乳糖、灰分的含量分别是常乳的 5 0 3、1 95、0 5 6、1 92倍 ;Ca、P、Na、Mg是常乳的 1 90、2 2 4、2 .1 1、5 5 6倍 ;Zn、Fe、Mn是常乳的 6 2 1、2 81、1 6 4倍。初乳中的各种成分随泌乳时间的延长而逐渐向常乳接近。蛋白质含量是初乳质量的决定性因素 ,初乳的密度和全脂乳固体含量都和蛋白质含量有密切关系。在生产实践中 。Colostrum from 46 Holstein cows was collected respectively in 2h,24h,48h,72h,96h,120 h after calving and normal milk,15 days later after calving for the determination of the contents of conventional components and minerals.The results show that all components in the colostrums,except lactose,are much higher than those of normal milk.The content of protein in clolstrums collected during 2 h after calving is 5.03 times,fat 1.95 times,lactose 0.56 times and ash 1.80 times,that of normal milk,and the content of calcium is 1.90 times,phosphorus 2.24 times,sodium 2.11 times,magnesium 5.56 times,Zinc 6.21 times,iron 2.81 times,manganese 1.64 times,that of normal milk.The contents of various components in colostrums approach normal milk gradually with time. Protein level is the decisive factor of colostrums quality.Both the density and total solids of the clolstrums are closely related to the protein level.Therefore,the protein level can be rationally deduced from the density of colostrums in production.

关 键 词：奶牛 初乳 常量成分 矿物元素 测定 

分 类 号：TS252.1[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程] S823.9[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]