汉语方言学史及其研究论略  

On the History of Chinese Dialectology and Its Research

作　　者：华学诚[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中文系,上海200062

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2002年第1期60-66,共7页Journal of Yangzhou University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划课题 ( 0 1AYY0 0 7)

摘　　要：原始汉语最迟形成于夏禹时代 ,原始汉语形成的同时也形成了原始汉语方言 ;分化和同化是汉语方言最初形成的两种基本方式。方言概念形成于先秦 ,表达方言概念的词语产生于西汉 ,“方言”一词出现于东汉。古代的方言研究按照它本身所形成的阶段性特点可以分为周秦汉晋、南北朝至唐宋、元明、清至民初四个时期。汉语方言学史的研究开始于 2 0世纪上半叶 ,罗常培的《汉语方音研究小史》是该学科草创的标志。汉语方言学史的研究从总体上来说还很薄弱 ,加强这方面的研究对于汉语言文字学各分支学科的建设都有重要意义。The primitive Chinese language came into being at latest in Times of Xia-Yu,which witnessed the appearance of primitive Chinese dialects, formed mainly through two methods: breakup and assimilation.The concept of dialects made its first appearance in the pre-Qin Dynasty period;the words which embodied the meaning of dialects can be traced back to the Western Han Dynasty,and finally the Chinese word FangYan' appeared in the Eastern Han Dynasty.The research of dialects in the ancient times,according to their respective characteristics in different stages can be divided into four periods: the first period,from the Zhou Dynasty to the Jin Dynasty;the second period,from the Northern and Southern Dynasties to the Song Dynasty;the third period, from the Yuan Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty;the fourth period,from the Qing Dynasty to the beginning of Republic of China.The research on the history of Chinese dialectology commenced,however,in the first half of the 20th century.Luo Chang-pei's A Brief History of Chinese Dialects Studies',if judged by loose standards,can regarded as the symbol of the beginning of research in that area.Generally speaking,the research on the history of Chinese dialectology is, for the time being,not well-developed.Therefore,the research in this area is of great significance for the development of various aspects of Chinese linguistics and philology.

关 键 词：汉语方言 方言学史 古代方言 原始汉族 分化 同化 历史分期 

分 类 号：H17[语言文字—汉语]